Community Organizing & Bulding for Disaster Mitigation -caring power & social capital- 22 nd APAN in Singapore Shinobu Sakurai Mie University, School of Nursing Community Nursing

Foundation of Comprehensive Disaster Science (Field Study in Thailand on December 7, )  Primary care (to keeping basic human need & health )  Psychotherapy (to keeping spirits for survive)  City planning :architecture, civil engineering (to back to normal life style)  Urgent installation on network after disaster: field server development (to monitoring & analyzing data)  GIS for disaster (to share the data for safety measure) SOI ASIA the 1st delivery contents multidiciplinary approach for victims

Destruction of person, thing, and environment over wide range that exceeds adjustment limit of community Destruction of a serious social function

Ⅱ.The throughput in the area is exceeded, Ⅱ.The throughput in the area is exceeded, Re ｓ cure & relief from the outside of an area Re ｓ cure & relief from the outside of an area is required. is required. Ⅲ. Emergency with many disaster victims Ⅰ.occurring in the limited area for a short span Ⅰ.occurring in the limited area for a short span The definition of disaster

The difference between usual emergency care and disaster medical treatment Demand < Medical resources Care for an individual life support is priority. Demand > Medical resources There are large number of people who need the basic life support priority. In the case of emergencyIn the case of disaster medical treatment

The difference between a Kobe earthquake and a Niigata earthquake Niigata earthquakeGreat Hanshin Earthquake The classification of disaster A district type and middle Mountain City type Feature Isolated social + aged society Aged society Feature Death in the carRelated death Death toll40 (man : 16 woman : 24) Related death 60.0% Death in the train Nine persons 6443 (man: the 552 daughter : 919) Related death 14.3% Refuge person (maximum) 103,000317,000

The purpose of countermeasures against calamities 1. A human life is protected. 2. Property is kept. 3. A daily life living and business are rebuilt quickly. 4. The prior measure for making damage minimum.

A Comprehensive Approach to a Disaster Situation Social Capital

About a social capital The common norm and common sense of values which make easy cooperation between the inside of a group, or a group, the network accompanied by an understanding Social reliance Network The norm

A B C The conventional network (Shared-territorial-bonding organization etc.) The element of subject discovery power The leadership coordinator element which performs production of human relations The element of the public space for communication A B C

Disaster prevention plan Warning term An acute term 1~2 months A subacute term 1~6 months Chronic term 2~3years Calm term Phase 0:24H Grasp of disaster victims Emergency measure Phase 1:72H f a stricken area Actual condition of assistance & support Aid and prediction to the exterior Prevention of secondary disaster Uneasy removal Phase 2 : Up to 4 days ~ 2 weeks Management of a shelter : Health, life, etc. Disaster cycle The reparation of disaster training and a stockpile The preparation of disaster Disaster education and training The preparation of disaster Disaster education and training warning system Refuge preparation first aids & emergency care warning system Refuge preparation first aids & emergency care Phase 3:3rd week ~ 2 months Makeshift house moving Healthy management Production of a new community Long term Mental care Assistance of daily living Local reorganization support

Community organizing & rebuilding for disaster mitigation 1. determination of the window at the time of disaster (one place) Selection of the main person in charge at the time of disaster Administration, medical treatment, welfare, a lifeline, etc. All the groups that exist in a community Administration Medical treatment Welfare Water supply Gas Electricity Association Residents’ association Information

３, making the medical & health care system for disaster emergency : connection and cooperation of medical institutions and welfare facilities ２, ２, Holding of the liaison committee of a headquarters of each department and each person in charge of groups

４. Background grasp of a citizen and creation of a registration procedures (background: such as a state of past history and a house, family structure, vulnerable groups in disaster, etc.) ５. saving food, clothing and shelter

He is a person with a high support priority at the time of disaster.  C: Children  E: Elderly people  H: Handicapped  C: Chronically ill  T: Tourist

Who are vulnerable groups in disaster  Those who have a handicap in physically Elderly people, a physically handicapped person, a sick person, infants, etc.  Those who have a handicap in information is exchanged A visually impaired person, a hearing-impaired person, foreigner, etc.  Those who have a handicap in understanding and judgment A mentally handicapped person, infants, etc.

How important social capital in community is!  Relief and rescue Importance of a community and independence disaster prevention  Refuge life Management and operating shelter, practical use of a community  Disaster-victim support A makeshift house, affliction proof, disaster volunteer inauguration  Restoration and revival Joint work with residents, such as city planning conference of revival  Disaster measures "the prior measure from post to correspondence" "the paradigm shift top-down to bottom up"

The Key concept for making the strong community as a social capital Mission & Passion