Production of algae coupled to anaerobic digestion in a closed vessel system for bio- fuel production In cooperation with
Introduction (only pictures )
Contents renewable and durable energy Biofuel production Composition of algae Advantages and disadvantages Cultivation methods Production process Algae research Manipulation of algae Applications
Renewable and durable energy Renewable energy – Inexhaustible sources Durable energy – Inexhaustible sources – Not detrimental to environment and economy
Biofuel production Obtained from biomass Divided into three generations 1.Food crops conventional fermentation chemical processes 2. Crops specially farmed competition with food crops 3. New developments ( + GM ) algae no competition with food crops
Composition of algae Eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms Sunlight biomass (sugar and lipids) Nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus CO 2 natural oil Rich in oil components high primary production saturated fatty acids Oil levels: 20% - 75%
Advantages and disadvantages Advantages – Harvested in all seasons – Rich in fats – Grow fast – On land not suitable for agriculture – CO 2 neutral – Improving quality of waste water
Advantages and disadvantages Disadvantages – Growth fat production – Separating oil expensive polluting – Growth depends on sunlight – Many nutrients needed + aqueous environment
Cultivation methods Open system – Disadvantages Contact with atmosphere evaporation No stable temperature Contamination Limited algae species
Cultivation methods Closed systems – Advantage No evaporation Stable temperature No contamination Higher biomass and efficient accumulation of CO 2 – Disadvantages Expensive CO 2 injection needed
Production process Biogas – Hydrolisis Break long polymeres – Acidogenesis Fermentation with acidogenic bacteria – Methanogenesis Into methane gas by methane-forming archaea
Production process Biodiesel – Base catalyzed transesterification of the oil Extract oil, drying + adding hexane Distillation pure algae oil Mixing with catalyst + alcohol Glycerol and biodiesel
Research First industry about 1953 – Two closed bag photoreactors – Food production Past five years – Algae oil production – Replacement for oil AlgaePARC – Research micro-algae cultivation systems – Seven systems
Manipulation of algae Genetic modified – higher yield of biomass or lipids – Increasing number of chloroplasts – Modify metabolism – Only accepted in closed systems Selecting species Adjusting cultivation techniques
Applications Algae Food&Fuel – Just been booted (BioSoil, Tendris and Solarix) – Industrial production of micro-algae – Turbid state, open system – 50kg dry mass/day/Ha Desert regions – Plenty of sunshine – Water unusable for drinking
Thank you for listening Pieter Sas, Elke Knoops, Benjamin Maris and Serpil Dirikan Mouna Tajeddine, Jonathan Wauthier and Christophe Lisbe