Crash and Depression chapter 14-15 review The 1920’s In hindsight President Harding & Coolidge Both favored business over labor Raised tariffs on exports.

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Presentation transcript:

Crash and Depression chapter review

The 1920’s In hindsight President Harding & Coolidge Both favored business over labor Raised tariffs on exports After WWI gov. no longer regulated prices of goods New machinery for farmers = McCormick reaper Allies not able to pay war debts Trickle Down economics

Black Tuesday October 29, stock market crashes 40 billion dollars lost in 2 months Suicide rates jumped …“for Sleeping or jumping” 4 million workers lost jobs in one year

Hoover and the Depression Hoover provided the following –state and local relief programs –business maintaining wages and employment –private volunteer efforts –emergency financing for banks and railroads

Hoover and the Depression Economic indicators –farm prices (went down) –national income (went down) –earnings (went down) –unemployment (went up) - “trickle down theory”

“Bank Run”

Hoover and the Depression Bonus March summer of 1932 –WW I veterans tried to pressure Congress to pay them their retirement bonuses early.

“We’d Like to Thank You Herbert Hoover ” Today we're living in a shanty Today we're scrounding for a meal [SOPHIE] Today I'm stealing coal for fires Who knew i could steal? [MEN] I used to winter in the tropics [WOMEN] I spent my summers at the shore [FRED] I used to throw away the paper-- [ALL] We'd like to thank you: Herber Hoover For really showing us the way We'd like to thank you: Herbert Hoover You made us what we are today Prosperity was 'round the corner The cozy cottage built for two In this blue heaven That you Gave us Yes!. We're turning blue! They offered us Al Smith and Hoover We paid attention and we chose Not only did we pay attention We paid through the nose In ev'ry pt he said "a chicken" But Herbert Hoover he forgot Not only don't we have the chicken We ain't got the pot! Hey Herbie [WOMEN] You left behind a greatful nation [ALL] So, Herb, our hats are off to you We're up to here with admiration [SOPHIE] Come down and have a little stew [ALL] Come down and share some Christmas dinner Be sure to bring the missus too We got no turkey for our stuffing We'd like to thank you, Herbert Hoover For really showing us the way You dirty rat, you Bureaucrat, you Made us what we are today Come and get it, Herb!

Children & The Depression if I leave my mother, it will mean one less mouth to feed” Poor diets Schools closed Hit the “tracks”

The Dust Bowl Over plowing of land had depleted the soil Drought and high winds of the 1930’s = disaster “Okies” headed west on route 66 to California

Age of FDR

The New Deal name FDR gave to his new program to fight the Depression Step 1 BANKING HOLIDAY- banks shut down and subject to gov't inspection, allowed to open when "healthy"

step 2 - stock market reform- Security Exchange Commission est. to police the NYSE buying on margin was regulated step 3 - FDR went off the GOLD STANDARD w/ more $ in circulation, wages and prices increased

Alphabet Soup NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RECOVERY ACT (NIRA) and NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMIN (NRA) were to fix problems between labor & business no child labor banned, shortened work hours business people challenged the NRA, claiming it was communist Social Security Act

»TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY – used to lower electrical rates  fed. gov't. took ownership (nationalization v. privatization)

The Annual Move by Otis Dozier, 1936

Construction of the Dam by William Gropper

2 nd Term in office first objective: to reorganize the Supreme Court - they disallowed some New Deal legislation FDR wants # of judges changed from 9  15 (to "pack the court")

more gov't involvement democracy?? Or socialism??? New Deal helped in stimulating the U.S. economy New Deal saw expansion of U.S. gov't in : 1) economy 2) social reform