Anatomical Terminology Skeletal System

Body Cavities T T A A T A

Body Direction and Location Anterior Posterior Caudal Cranial Proximal Distal Dorsal Ventral Inferior Superior Lateral Medial Rostral Palmar Plantar Prone Supine

Body Planes Transverse Plane http://www.spineuniverse.com/displayarticle.php/article1023.html

The Skeletal System

Bone Classification - Appearance

Bone Classification - Shape Long Short Flat Irregular

Bone Morphology Foramen Condyle Meatus Tuber(osity) Process

Joints

http://cellbio.utmb.edu/microanatomy/bone/compact_bone_histology.htm

AXIAL SKELETON = skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum

APPENDICULAR SKELETON AXIAL SKELETON = skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum APPENDICULAR SKELETON = bones that make up the appendages

APPENDICULAR SKELETON AXIAL SKELETON = skull, vertebrae, ribs and sternum APPENDICULAR SKELETON = bones that make up the appendages Pectoral limb – arms, forelegs, wings and the scapula Pelvic limb – legs or hind legs and the pelvis

Pectoral limb – arms, forelegs, wings and the scapula humerus radius ulna scapula carpals metacarpals phalanges sesamoids Pelvic limb – legs or hind legs and the pelvis pelvis femur tibia fibula patella fabella tarsals metatarsals phalanges

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT Fusion and elimination of bones

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT Fusion and elimination of bones Pneumatization

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT Fusion and elimination of bones Pneumatization Keeled sternum

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT Fusion and elimination of bones Pneumatization Keeled sternum Scapula: narrow, flat rod

BIRDS: SKELETAL ADAPTATIONS FOR FLIGHT Fusion and elimination of bones Pneumatization Keeled sternum Scapula: narrow, flat rod Skeletal muscle differences