UNIT 3 STUDY GUIDE SLIDES Mr. Davis/Mrs. Burnette SS 7 Test: October 31, 2014

Remember!!! You should be able to define ALL vocabulary words located on Pages 2 & 3 of your Interactive Notebook. 15 matching questions on this test!

1. Where is Mesopotamia located…? Mesopotamia is located in a region of the Middle East known as the FERTILE CRESCENT. It is in modern-day IRAQ. It’s name is Greek for “between the rivers” Located between the TIGRIS and EUPHRATES Rivers

2. Why did people settle…? The rivers provided rich silt deposits that made farming in the region easy.

3. List the events that allowed Mesopotamia to develop… People settled where crops would grow, then the population would grow (b/c people had enough food to be healthy), and then villages formed.

4. What is division of labor? Division of labor is a specialization of work. People would learn to become craftsmen because not everybody had to farm or raise food in order to survive.

5. What was the purpose of canals? Sumerians needed a way to control the river’s flow for the crops in their fields and the pastures their livestock would graze

6. Why did city-states fight each other? Each city-state wanted to have enough farmland to grow food to feed their growing populations.

7. Why is Sargon… important? He is the first ruler to have a permanent army.

8. How did Ancient Sumerians protect themselves? They built thick walls around the city-state to keep invaders out and citizens safely inside.

9. What role did the priests serve in society? They served as a messenger or “middle man” between the Sumerians and their gods.

10. Draw the social pyramid and label each class KINGS PRIESTS TRADERS/CRAFTSMEN/SCRIBES FARMERS & LABORERS SLAVES

11. What job allowed… move up in society? SCRIBES were able to read and write, which made them very important, especially to governments and temples.

12. Describe cuneiform A form of writing using wedge-shaped symbols Scribes would use a stylus on wet clay to keep records

13. How did Sumerians practice medicine? Sumerians recorded all of their observations They used natural resources to create healing drugs Among these are milk, turtle shells, figs, and salt Treatment was based on symptoms and body parts

14. Describe ziggurats and their purpose Ziggurats were tall temples built in the center of Sumerian cities They were constructed to honor the gods

15. Describe a cylinder seal and its purpose Cylinder seals were a lot like a modern signature stamp They were artistic, but were rolled over wet clay to “sign” documents They were also used to mark property

16. Who was the first king of Babylon? Hammurabi

17. What did he create…? Hammurabi’s Code – A set of 282 laws that dealt with every aspect of daily life Every crime had a punishment to go with it Social class mattered Most thorough set of laws displayed for the people to see in ancient history.

18. What are the Hittites known for? Their skill in ironworking to make weapons Their early use of the chariot as a weapon of war.

19. What are the Kassites known for? Lived north of Babylon Assassinated the Hittite King Ruled afterward for 400 years

20. What do the Hittites and Assyrians have in common? They both were skilled with iron weapons and chariots in battle.

21. What are the Chaldeans most remembered for? King Nebuchadnezzar and the Hanging Gardens Rebuilding Babylon Culture: Rebuilt Sumerian Temples, Tributes to Sumerian gods Education: Astronomy & Geometry, Calendar

22. What do Hammurabi and Nebuchadnezzar have in common? They both were kings that built up Babylon. Hammurabi with his code of laws. Nebuchadnezzar with the Hanging Gardens.

23. What is different about the Phoenicians…? The Phoenicians were not invaders of the Fertile Crescent. They attained wealth and power through trade. Traveled by sea

24. What did Phoenician traders… spread? The Phoenician alphabet spread along trade routes as scribes recorded the goods being shipped across the Mediterranean

25. Political Units set up by Phoenicians? The Phoenicians established colonies to trade resources such as silver, ivory, and slaves

REMINDERS… KNOW YOUR VOCABULARY (15 matching questions) KNOW THE SOCIAL HIERARCHY (3 questions) BE ABLE TO READ AN ARTICLE AND ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 questions)