Hydrosphere 3 rd Period

The Hydrosphere and the Water Cycle

The Three Major Process of the Water Cycle Evaporation- “The process by which liquid water is heated by the sun and then rises into the atmosphere as water vapor”. Water always evaporates from the Earth’s ocean’s, lakes, streams, and soil, but most of the water evaporates from the ocean. Condensation- In this process water vapor creates water droplets on dust particles. These water droplets create clouds. In doing so the water droplets will run into each other, stick together, and make larger heavier droplets.

Condensation “any form of water that falls to the Earth’s surface from the clouds; includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail”. Alma Beganovic

☺ Pacific Ocean: ☻Largest ocean with a surface area of 165,640,000 km square. ☻Pictured at the top right. ☺ Atlantic Ocean: ☻Second largest with a surface area of 81,630,000 km square. ☻Pictured in the middle right. By: Jenna Begley

☺ Indian Ocean: ☻Third largest ocean with a surface area of 73,420,000 km square. ☻Pictured in the top right. ☺ Artic Ocean: ☻Fourth smallest ocean with a surface area of 14,350,000 km square. ☻Pictured at the bottom right. By: Jenna Begley

“the concentration of all the dissolved salts it contains” 97% of the water on earth is ocean water. If all the water in the oceans evaporated what was left over could make a 180 mile high and one mile thick wall of salt around the equator Ocean Salinity on average is about 3.5% by volume Why does water taste so salty ? By: Jenna Begley

Ocean Layers. Kalley The surface layer is the warmest because it is warmed by the sun and is at the top of the ocean which is constantly mixed by wave action and has all sorts of animals. The surface layer is the warmest because it is warmed by the sun and is at the top of the ocean which is constantly mixed by wave action and has all sorts of animals. The Thermocline is the middle layer; decreasing temperature with depth. It is the boundary between warm and cold water. It has low levels of sunlight. The Thermocline is the middle layer; decreasing temperature with depth. It is the boundary between warm and cold water. It has low levels of sunlight. Below the Thermocline is the deep zone. It is the deepest zone, which is at the bottom of the ocean with temperatures below freezing. It is very dark and no sunlight reaches to it. Below the Thermocline is the deep zone. It is the deepest zone, which is at the bottom of the ocean with temperatures below freezing. It is very dark and no sunlight reaches to it.

Kalley

How do currents regulate temperature? Currents that circulate warm water cause the land they flow past to have a more moderate climate. Currents that circulate warm water cause the land they flow past to have a more moderate climate. Fact: storing and absorbing energy is one of the most important functions of the oceans. Fact: storing and absorbing energy is one of the most important functions of the oceans.

Ex: the British isles are warmed by the Gulf stream. Ex: the British isles are warmed by the Gulf stream.

Surface Currents Surface Currents circulate warm water to the deeper parts of the ocean. The water at the oceans surface is moved by winds that blow in certain patterns because of the spin of the earth. Gabbie Parnau

Coriolis Effect “The Curving of the path of a moving object caused by the earths rotation” “In physics, the Coriolis effect is an apparent deflection of moving objects when they are viewed from a rotating reference frame.”rotating reference frame Gabbie Parnau

Deep ocean currents form when cold, dense water from the poles sink below warmer, less dense ocean water and flows toward the equator. Deep ocean currents form when cold, dense water from the poles sink below warmer, less dense ocean water and flows toward the equator. When cold water sinks to the bottom of the ocean it flows very slowly northward to produce a deep current. When cold water sinks to the bottom of the ocean it flows very slowly northward to produce a deep current. Katie Stauffer Katie Stauffer

The densest and coldest ocean water is located off the coast of Antarctica. Katie Stauffer

 Earth’s surface is covered by 70 to75 Percent.  Only 3 Percent of the Water is Fresh.

Earth’s Fresh Water is Locked in Icecaps And Glaciers. The Rest of the Fresh Water Found in Lakes, Rivers and Underground.

What is a River System ? “A river system is a flowing network of rivers and streams draining a river basin.” _e.php

What are Tributaries ? What are Tributaries ? T hey are “smaller streams of rivers that flow into larger ones.” 1/photos/tributary.jpg

What is Groundwater? ﭹIt is made up of rain and melted snow that has seeped through the ground. Jesse Dodson

What is Groundwater? ﭹ Water collected in sediment and rock underground. ﭹ It only makes up about 1% of the Earth’s water. Jesse Dodson

How is Groundwater important? ﭹIt is the easiest source of fresh water, so humans use it to drink. Jesse Dodson jpghttp:// jpg. jpg

How is Groundwater important? ﭹWe also use the water for agriculture. Jesse Dodson

What is an aquifer? -“ a rock layer that stores and allows the flow of groundwater.” Jessica Hunter -”A formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated, permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs.”

Aquifers Jessica Hunter

What is a recharge zone? -”the surface of land where water enters an aquifer.” Jessica Hunter

Recharge Zones Thinkingpictures.blogspot.com/2006_09_01_arch … htm