SQL Server AlwaysOn

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Introducing SQL Server 2014 DR Introducing SQL Server 2014 AlwaysOn Fail-over Clustering (Shared Drive) Database Mirroring Always On Log Shipping Replication

Improvements with Always On Improved Efficiency and Cost-Effectiveness Efficiency and cost-effectiveness are improved through the implementation of: AlwaysOn Readable Secondaries Contained Databases Multi subnet availability

What happens when… Business requirements are for automatic failover of multiple databases together with no single point of failure and redundancy across multiple datacenters In SQL Server 2008 R2 or prior Database mirroring provides automated failover of a single database Redundant copies of the database exist on principle and mirror server Failing over multiple databases at the same time requires custom code logic to detect single failure and then initiate failover of other databases Application failover is accomplished through the use of FailoverPartner connection string value In SQL Server 2012 Redundant copies (up to four) of the databases exist on nodes participating in the Availability Group, maintained either synchronously or asynchronously Multiple-database failover is handled automatically by the Availability Group Application failover through the Availability Group Listener and Application Virtual Name

Groups AlwaysOn Availability Groups Enhance the capabilities of database mirroring Multiple database coordinated failover for applications that require multiple databases on a single instance (e.g. SharePoint) Simplified application connectivity and automatic redirection through the implementation of Availability Group Listener and Application Virtual Name Built in compression and encryption Synchronous or asynchronous data movement Automatic or manual failover modes with configurable failover trigger levels Automatic repair of page corruptions Readable secondary replicas Support for FILESTREAM, FILETABLE, RBS and Service Broker Simplified configuration wizards, PowerShell integration and Availability Group Dashboard for monitoring

Direct attached storage local, regional and geo secondaries Topology examples A Direct attached storage local, regional and geo secondaries Synchronous data movement Asynchronous data movement

Server & Tools Business 4/15/2017 What happens when… You need to move a database to a different SQL Server (Containment) In SQL Server 2008 R2 or prior SQL Server Logins are mapped to Database Users through login SIDs Incorrectly mapped logins result from creating logins on additional servers Can result in problems during failovers or when restoring databases to new servers Requires manual transfer of login using sp_help_revlogin or SSIS Transfer Logins task to maintain identical SID on both servers Nothing tracks external dependencies that might exist in the database code In SQL Server 2012 Partially Contained Databases contain Database Login Credentials as a part of the database Simplifies failover planning for the environment by allowing the login information to be persisted as a part of the database Developers can track instance level impacts and uncontained dependencies with © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Containment Demo

AlwaysOn in SQL Server 2014 What’s New What’s being delivered Increase number of secondaries from four to eight Increase availability of readable secondaries Support for Windows Server 2012 CSV Enhanced diagnostics Main benefits Further scale out read workloads across (possibly geo-distributed) replicas Use readable secondaries despite network failures (important in geo-distributed environments) Improve SAN storage utilization Avoid drive letter limitation (max 24 drives) via CSV paths Increase resiliency of storage failover Ease troubleshooting

Groups in 2014 Increase Number of Availability Group Secondaries Description Increase number of secondaries (4–8) Max number of sync secondaries is still two Reason Customers want to use readable secondaries One technology to configure and manage Many times faster than replication Customers are asking for more database replicas (4–8) To reduce query latency (large-scale environments) To scale out read workloads

Always On Group Demo

Readable Secondary Client Connectivity Client connection behavior determined by the Availability Group Replica option Replica option determines whether a replica is enabled for read access when in a secondary role and which clients can connect to it Choices are: No connections Only connections specifying Application Intent=ReadOnly connection property All connections Read-only Routing enables redirection of client connection to new readable secondary after a failover Connection specifies the Availability Group Listener Virtual Name plus Application Intent=ReadOnly in the connection string Possible for connections to go to different readable secondaries if available to balance read-only access

Availability Group Listener Readable secondary ReadOnly Routing Client connects to the Availability Group Listener virtual name Standard connections are routed to the Primary server for read/write operations ReadOnly connections are routed to a readable secondary based on ReadOnly routing configuration Availability Group Listener

Readable secondary Query Performance on the Secondary Challenges: Query workloads typically require index/column statistics so the query optimizer can formulate an efficient query plan Read-only workloads on a secondary replica may require different statistics than the workload on the primary replica Users cannot create different statistics themselves (secondaries can’t be modified) Solution: SQL Server will automatically create required statistics, but store them as temporary statistics in tempdb on the secondary node If different indexes are required by the secondary workload, these must be created on the primary replica so they will be present on the secondaries Care should be taken when creating additional indexes that maintenance overhead does not affect the workload performance on the primary replica

Readable secondary Offloading Backups to a Secondary Backups can be done on any replica of a database to offload I/O from primary replica Transaction log backups, plus COPY_ONLY full backups Backup jobs can be configured on all replicas and preferences set so that a job only runs on the preferred replica at that time This means no script/job changes are required after a failover Transaction log backups done on all replicas form a single log chain Database Recovery Advisor tool helps with restoring backups from multiple Secondaries

Readable secondary Workload impact on the secondary Read-only workloads on mirror database using traditional database mirroring can block replay of transactions from the principal Using Readable Secondaries, the reporting workload uses snapshot isolation to avoid blocking the replay of transactions Snapshot isolation avoids read locks which could block the REDO background thread The REDO thread will never be chosen as the deadlock victim, if a deadlock occurs Replaying DDL operations on the secondary may be blocked by schema locks held by long running or complex queries XEvent fires which allows programmatic termination/resumption of reporting

Readable Secondary Demo

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