Bottles Through The Ages Making Glass Glassblowing Tools of The Art Evolution of Bottles Times In History

Ingredients Sand, soda and lime Fusion at 2500 degrees F Gathered at 1800 degrees F Process takes several days

Colors Reds – copper, gold, selenium Purple – nickel, manganese Greens – copper, chrome Blues – cobalt, copper Brown – carbon, nickel Green, yellow – iron Milk glass – tin, zinc Black glass – iron slag

Glassblowing Hand-blown bottles are free or mold blown An art unequaled in ancient times A process that uses human lung power Techniques that are ageless Each piece unique

Tools of The Art Blow pipe (pontil) Marver Block Battledore Chair Tool

Evolution of Bottles Sand core – 1350 B.C Molds – 1000 A.D Pattern glass – 1500 Lead glass – 1676 Commercial production – 1700 Embossing – 1800

Times in History 1609 – first U.S production 1739 – major glass house started (Wistar) 1810 – plate molds 1842 – Stoddard starts 1850 – Snap ends pontil age 1875 – Lightning stopper 1879 – Hutchinson stopper 1891 – Crown cork 1903 – ABM begins