Math 150 – Probability and Statistics Spring 2015 Introduction and Basic Terminology.

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Presentation transcript:

Math 150 – Probability and Statistics Spring 2015 Introduction and Basic Terminology

Introduction Outline Syllabus Review Introduction to Probability and Statistics Basic Terminology (Ch2) Graphical Representation of Distributions (Ch2)

Statistics vs. Algebra/Calculus Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning Emphasis on analysis / confidence of results Applied word problems Random behavior Little equation solving, no factoring!, no quadratic formula!, little graphing

Course Overview Ch3 – Statistical Summary Ch4 – Regression Ch5 – Probability Ch6 – Discrete Probability Distributions Ch7 – Continuous Probability Distributions Ch8 – Sampling Distributions Ch9 – Confidence Ch10, Ch11, Ch12 – Hypothesis Testing

Applications of Statistics and Probability

Gambling / Games of Chance Expected Value Conditional Probability Poker Roulette Dice / Craps

Biology / Health Sciences Genetics – Mendel Laws / Punnett Square Human Genome Project Genetic Diseases HIV testing Mammograms Drug Testing

Economics and Management Stock Market volatility / deviation Investment Expected value Extrapolation

Insurance Likelihood of injury, property damage, accidents Location and demographic influence on rates Actuarial Science

Politics Census Political strategy Sample opinion polls – representative of population?

Law Statisticians as lawyers Interpretation of data driven evidence Misleading data and displays Ex: smoking vs lung cancer Hypothesis Test

Basic Terminology (Ch2) Data (qualitative vs quantitative) Population Sample Parameter Statistic Distribution SRS (Simple Random Sample)

Describing Distributions Quantitatively (Ch3) Qualitatively – Histogram – Shape Symmetry vs Skewed Uniform Distribution Skew left vs skew right – Modes Unimodal, Bimodal, Multimodal, Uniform (no mode)

Histogram

Relative Frequency Histogram

Symmetric, unimodal distribution

Symmetric, Unimodal distribution

Asymmetric, bimodal distribution

Uniform Distribution

Skew Left Distribution

Skew right distribution

Other Displays Ex: Dotplot

Pie Chart

Misleading Displays

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