Textbook page 277….answer questions 1-4…graded assignment.

The Adult Years Young Adult: 20-40years

Discussion You are about to enter young adulthood. What do you think is going to be the best part of these developmental years? Share with your table partner.

Essential Question How does adult development differ from childhood development?

Young Adult Complete education Start a career Raise a family

Physical Development Physical growth stops Bones have matured Still need calcium and weight-bearing exercise Regular exercise necessary (flexibility, strength, agility) Peak muscle strength Vision may decline Especially depth perception Hearing loss may begin

Cognitive-Intellectual Development Gains an abundance of knowledge Formal education/on-the-job training Critical thinking is refined More life experience and practice Intellectually curios

Psycho-Emotional Development Early years: increasing independence Self assured/self aware Coping skills increased Establishing lifelong relationships Genuine concern for the wellbeing of another person

Social Development Establish careers, marriages, families, homes Establishing their values Friendships based on commonalities rather than age Seek to contribute to society

Healthcare / Aspects of Care Exercise to prevent bone loss Balanced diet Social contact Stress management Juggling many aspects of life Regular health/dental care Blood pressure, cholesterol, pap smears, breast exams, testicular exams

Discussion Many moms work outside the home. How do you think this affects their relationship with their children? Do you think children benefit more from having a stay at home mom or a working mom?

Homework Ask a parent AND a grandparent What has best the best part of your adult years? What has been the worst part of your adult years? What piece of advise would you offer to someone about to enter their adult years?

The Middle-Aged Adult years

Middle-Aged Adult Typically active and productive Begin to notice signs of aging

Physical Development Female bone loss begins at 35yrs Male bone loss begins at 65yrs Diet and exercise important Muscle strength, endurance, and stamina decline Weight gain Female- Menopause around 45-50yrs. End of menstration A process over numerous years Hair grays and thins, wrinkles Chronic health problems Hypertension, heart disease, diabetes

Cognitive-Intellectual Development Brain decreases in age 50 Information processing slows Still can learn new information, multitask, and remember old information

Psycho-Emotional Development Proud and accomplished Increased sense of loss Death of friends and family “Empty nest” syndrome video1 video2video1video2 Marriages may disintegrate as family changes Careers may weaken Elderly parents may become increasingly dependent Reflect on their own mortality Mid-life crisis video

Social Development Many things affect the ability of the adult to be social and participate in social activities Career Growing children Aging parents Need creative social outlets

Healthcare / Aspects of Care Weight-bearing and aerobic exercise Balanced nutritional diet Adequate rest Social contact very important Stress management techniques Regular health and dental check-ups Checks for : weight, blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose Mammograms and prostate exams

The Mature Adult Years 65 years and older

Retirement Has advantages and disadvantages

Physical Development Body systems age Geriatrics ~ field of medicine concerned with aging problems Growing field!

Aging Integumentary System Thinning and wrinkling skin Graying and thinning hair Brittle nails Slowed healing

Aging Nervous System Slowed reaction time and thought processing Decreased blood flow to brain Short attention span / difficult to multitask Impaired fine motor skills Memory loss Impaired vision and hearing

Aging Musculoskeletal System Osteoporosis ~ decreased bone density Increase incidence of fracture Osteoartritis ~ joint disease Muscle atrophy Muscles shrink in size

Aging Cardiovascular System Decreased cardiac output (amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute) Arteriosclerosis ~ thickening of the arteries Heart has to work harder Orthostatic Hypotension ~ drop in blood pressure when standing or sitting up abruptly Increase risk of heart disease

Aging Respiratory System Loss of elasticity of lungs Ribs become more rigid Increase shortness of breath

Aging Immune System General decline Susceptible to infectious and autoimmune diseases Cancer Rheumatoid arthritis

Aging Digestive System Constipation Decreased exercise / poor diet Fecal incontinence Decreased muscle tone

Aging Urinary System Changes in kidney function Loss of voluntary control of urination

Aging Endocrine System Decreased thyroid function Loss of estrogen production Changes in levels of hormones that affect blood pressure and response to stress.

Cognitive-Intellectual Development Takes longer to process information but can still learn Long-term memory is more intact than short-term memory Vast knowledge Great teachers!

Psycho-Emotional Development Facing future death, loss of loved ones, loss of career Individuals who have developed interest outside of their careers may make a smoother transition to retirement Possible increased dependence on others

Social Development Increased spirituality Many still live independently Many volunteer Seek relationships with family Grandchildren often a great source of pleasure

Healthcare / Aspects of Aging Exercise, balanced diet, naps Special diets (low sodium, low sugar, ETC) Sleep for less hours through the night Social contact needed Health/dental care “USE IT OR LOSE IT” an active body & brain prevents loss of function video

Discuss with a partner…. What stage are your parents/caregivers in? (young adult, middle-aged, mature) Are they suffering from any of the problems associated with aging? Explain What stage are your grandparents in? (young adult, middle-aged, mature) Are they suffering from any of the problems associated with aging? Explain