Evoking a Core SE Technical Development Methodology to Develop a SyS, FoS, and SoS Darryl A. Gomez, PhD May 16, 2012

An Affordability Dilemma In Industry SoS FoS SyS Development Methodology Processes – Talents - Experiences FoS Development Methodology Processes - Talents - Experiences SoS Development Methodology Processes – Talents - Experiences SyS 2

An Affordability Solution for Industry SoS FoS SyS Core Development Methodology Processes – Talents - Experiences FoS SoS SyS 3

System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective SyS SySDevelopmentEffort SoSDevelopmentEffort FoSDevelopmentEffort An Affordability Solution for Industry (cont.) Core SE Technical Development (CSETD) Methodology SoS FoS SyS 4

Core SETD Methodology - Overview WhoHowWhatWhy Organizational Specialties Prescription of SE Development Process Pattern Define Solve Realize Evaluate Development Nuances Motivation Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Perspective System Perspective 5 Key

FoS Constituent System (FoS-CS) SyS SoSSystemPerspectiveFoS SoS Constituent System (SoS-CS) System Development Perspective New Re-engineering Connect the Parts Oriented Capability Oriented Evolution New Transform Capability Oriented Connect the Parts Oriented Evolution Transform New System Process Perspective Define Solve Realize Evaluate 6 OrganizationalPerspective Product Integration Team (PIT) System Engineering & Integration Team (SEIT) Product Development Team (PDT) Core SETD Methodology – Road Map Who How What Why 6

Key is the SE DSRE Pattern Tasks DefineSolveRealizeEvaluate Program Office Engineering Disciplines “System” 7

MIL- STD MIL- STD- 499A MIL- STD- 499B MIL-STD- 499C EIA / IS 632 IEEE STD 1220 ANSI / EIA 632 ANSI / EIA 632 ISO / IEC/IEEE EIA / IS 731 SECM SW- CMM CMMI- DEV EIA 632 EIA 632 IEEE STD (draft) 2006 (ver. 1.2) CMM- SW CMMI- IPD SE- CMM (trial use) (not released) 1998 Embryonic Class TDPM Embryonic Class TDPM Maturate Class TDPM Maturate Class TDPM Maturate Class TDPM Evolution of the SE “Technical Development Process Models” (TDPMs) 8

9 Taken from IEEE/ISO/IEC Functional Process Model (activity driven) 2. Characteristic is an ordinal process flow Taken from Forsberg and Mooz “The Relationship of Systems Engineering to Project Cycle” 1 1. Portray the relationship between SE and product development cycle 2. Comparable to IEEE/ISO/IEC Realize Solve Define Evaluate Source 1: Gomez, D.A., 2010, “System of Systems Engineering: Prescribing the Technical Development Effort to Engineer a Constituent System”, PhD Thesis SE development process pattern is Define, Solve, Realize and Evaluate 1 SE DSRE Pattern - Maturate

DSRE Pattern in ANSI/EIA (Maturate Class) 10

DSRE Pattern in CMMI-DEV 1.2 (Maturate Class) 11

DSRE Pattern in IEEE STD (Embryonic Class –Lacks Realize) 12

DSRE in IEEE/ISO/IEC (Maturate Class) 13

DSRE Pattern in MIL-STD-499C (Embryonic Class-Lacks Realize) 14

SoS Example in Evoking a Core SETD Methodology 15

What are the Issues with SoS Technical Development? 1 System of Systems Space Based Systems Air Breathing Systems Ground Based Systems Deep Sea Based Systems Ocean Surface Based Systems Contention Volatilities Uncertainties Technical Development Processes (Define)(Solve)(Realize)(Evaluate) COP ? CPOP ? Source 1: Gomez, D.A., 2010, “System of Systems Engineering: Prescribing the Technical Development Effort to Engineer a Constituent System”, PhD Thesis 16

DoD SoS Development “Trapeze” Model Taken from DoD Systems Engineering Guide for System of Systems. Washington, D.C.: Dept. of Defense,

Unwound DoD “Trapeze” Model DSRE process pattern identified (SoSD-Model) 18 Translating Capability Objectives Understanding Systems & Relationships Developing & Evolving SoS Architecture* Define Assessing Performance to Capability Objectives Monitor and Assessing Changes* Addressing Requirements and Solution Options* Orchestrating Upgrades to SoS* Solve Realize Evaluate *Has path to Understanding Systems & Relationships Taken from: Gomez, D.A., 2010, “System of Systems Engineering: Prescribing the Technical Development Effort to Engineer a Constituent System”, PhD Thesis

SoSD-Model and V-Model Interfacing 19 SoS Define SoS Solve SoS Realize SoS Evaluate By Product Interface SoSD-Model Realize Development X Development X+1 Development X+N Evaluate Define Solve Realize V-Models

Translating Capability Objectives Understanding Systems & Relationships Developing & Evolving SoS Architecture* Define Addressing Requirements and Solution Options* Orchestrating Upgrades to SoS* Solve Realize Assessing Performance to Capability Objectives Monitor and Assessing Changes* Evaluate *Has path to Understanding Systems & Relationships RequirementsSolutionsConstituents SoS V-Model SoSD-Model 20 SoSD-Model and V-Model Interfacing Taken from Forsberg and Mooz “The Relationship of Systems Engineering to Project Cycle” 1 1. Portray the relationship between SE and product development cycle 2. Comparable to IEEE/ISO/IEC Realize Solve Define Evaluate

SoS Development Methodologies Identify commonalities and differences 21 SEIT Specialties Connect the Parts Oriented Perspective (CPOP) Capability Oriented Perspective (COP) Define Solve Realize Evaluate Define Solve Realize Evaluate SoS Who? What? How? Why?

Development Goals in Evoking a Core SETD Methodology  Form a library of Core SETD Methodologies On demand availability –Prescribes the development effort □ Identifies development commonalities □ Identifies development nuances/issues Enhances/streamlines development Minimizes impacts to library owner –Engineering organization □ Reuse processes when possible –Engineering culture –Time, effort and cost 22

 Step 1 Establish a classification of Systems  Step 2 Define a methodology in effective System Development –Specific instances of system development types  Step 3 Create a SE development methodology for each specific instance based on priori knowledge  Step 4 Continually, improve the SE development methodology with posteriori knowledge 23 Implementation for Evoking a Core SETD Methodology

FoS Constituent System (FoS-CS) SyS SoSSystemPerspectiveFoS SoS Constituent System (SoS-CS) System Development Perspective New Re-engineering Connect the Parts Oriented Capability Oriented Evolution New Transform Capability Oriented Connect the Parts Oriented Evolution Transform New System Process Perspective Define Solve Realize Evaluate 24 OrganizationalPerspective Product Integration Team (PIT) System Engineering & Integration Team (SEIT) Product Development Team (PDT) 24 Implementation Step 1 Step 2

FoS Constituent System (FoS-CS) SyS SoSSystemPerspectiveFoS SoS Constituent System (SoS-CS) System Development Perspective New Re-engineering Connect the Parts Oriented Capability Oriented Evolution New Transform Capability Oriented Connect the Parts Oriented Evolution Transform New System Process Perspective Define Solve Realize Evaluate 25 OrganizationalPerspective Product Integration Team (PIT) System Engineering & Integration Team (SEIT) Product Development Team (PDT) 25 Implementation (cont.) Step 3

FoS Constituent System (FoS-CS) SyS SoSSystemPerspectiveFoS SoS Constituent System (SoS-CS) System Development Perspective New Re-engineering Connect the Parts Oriented Capability Oriented Evolution New Transform Capability Oriented Connect the Parts Oriented Evolution Transform New System Process Perspective Define Solve Realize Evaluate 26 OrganizationalPerspective Product Integration Team (PIT) System Engineering & Integration Team (SEIT) Product Development Team (PDT) 26 Implementation (cont.) Step 4

27 Process Development Team System For X Development Lessons Learned Case Studies Theories Concepts Observe and Immerse Features and Traits System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective SE Development Process For X Development Methodology For X priori Implementation – Step 3

28 Process Development Team System For X Development Lessons Learned Lessons Learned Observe and Immerse Features and Traits System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective SE Development Process For X Update to Development Methodology For X posteriori Implementation – Step 4

 Library of Core SETD Methodologies Commonalities Nuances  Development roadmap readily in place and available  SETD not reinvented each time Tailoring whim –Experience based –Knowledge based  Each improvement updated in library  Establishes SE Industry credentials Development methodologies in place and in use Increased competitiveness as a prime contractor 29 CSETD Methodology - SoS Reengineering System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology - SoS Connect the Parts Oriented System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective Expected Results in Evoking a Core SETD Methodology 29 CSETD Methodology - FoS Connect the Parts Oriented System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology - FoS Connect the Parts Oriented System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective 29 CSETD Methodology - SyS Reengineering System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology - SyS New System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-SoS CS New System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-SoS CS Transform System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-SoS CS Evolve System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-FoS CS New System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-FoS CS Transform System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective CSETD Methodology-FoS CS Evolve System Perspective System Perspective System Development Perspective System Development Perspective System Process Perspective System Process Perspective Organizational Perspective Organizational Perspective

FoS Constituent System (FoS-CS) SyS SoSSystemPerspectiveFoS SoS Constituent System (SoS-CS) System Development Perspective New Re-engineering Connect the Parts Oriented Capability Oriented Evolution New Transform Capability Oriented Connect the Parts Oriented Evolution Transform New System Process Perspective Define Solve Realize Evaluate 30 OrganizationalPerspective Product Integration Team (PIT) System Engineering & Integration Team (SEIT) Product Development Team (PDT) Questions?

Darryl A. Gomez, PhD Fellow Systems Engineer Northrop Grumman Corporation Electronic Systems Systems Engineering 7323 Aviation Blvd, MS 870 Baltimore, Maryland