The Self-transcending Construction of an Emergent Community Jeffrey Goldstein, Ph.D. Adelphi University April 26, 2008

NOT: The Self-organization of an Emergent Community

An Example of an Emergent Social Entrepreneurial Community: Barka Foundation for the Promotion of Mutual Help

Barka Foundation for the Promotion of Mutual Help In early 1990s, gov’t stopped subsidizing collective farms with the result that thousands became homeless; Tomasz Sadowski and his wife, both psychologists, purchased abandoned schoolhouse and renovated it and started farming; By 2003 there were 20 such homes/farms; mature “mother” houses hatch new smaller homes and farms; Residents manage each home and farm with assistance of Barka’s staff; One resident, “We are all people with problems…biggest miracle is that we sit at one table and talk with each... at the end of the day I feel needed” Sadowski: “People told us that it wasn’t possible to create such an inclusive feeling…there is nothing mysterious about it. …The worst criminal doesn’t believe things can be this way only because he has never come across these kinds of relationships..”

Barka Foundation for the Promotion of Mutual Help Sadowski: “People told us that it wasn’t possible to create such an inclusive feeling…there is nothing mysterious about it. …The worst criminal doesn’t believe things can be this way only because he has never come across these kinds of relationships..” interaction resonance; possibility and hope

EXAMPLES OF EMERGENCE life consciousness speciation project teams multi-organisms artificial life the Internet magnetism superfluidity superconductivity additional computational functionality dissipative structures optimal options prices perception of color attractors and their basins drug interactions leadership behavior software “bugs” temperature cities wars scientific revolutions Benard cells creative ideas giant graph component Social entrepreneurial projects

Characteristics of Emergent Phenomena Radically Novel (Incommensurable) Coordination, Integrity, Collective, Wholeness Unpredictable (Ostensive) Non-deducible Irreducible (Not traceable) Self-transcendent (Emerge out of but distinct from)

Source of the Idea of Emergence: 19th,20th Centuries

{ } { } { } { } ( , . ), w t ( , . ), a t t P ), ,... , ( Emergent Phenomena { } ( , . ), w 1 2 i n l t + Properties { } l t i n P ), 1 ,... 2 , ( + w Emergent Bases { } ( , . ), a 1 2 i n k t Properties { } k i n t P ), ,... , ( 2 1 a

BEYOND SELF-ORGANIZATION EXCESSES OF THE “SELF-”OF SELF-ORGANIZATION

Decoupling of Emergence from Self-Org. Emergent Base (antecedents) Emergent Phenomena (consequents) Typical Complexity Perspective: Self-organization=Processes of Emergence Decoupling of Emergence from Self-Org.

Processes of Emergence Emergent Base (antecedents) Emergent Phenomena (consequents) Processes of Emergence Must be Powerful Enough to Generate Phenomena with the Properties of Emergents

Characteristics of Emergent Phenomena Radically Novel (Incommensurable) Coordination, Integrity, Collective, Wholeness Unpredictable (Ostensive) Non-deducible Irreducible (Not traceable) Self-transcendent (Emerge out of but distinct from)

? Rosen’s Non-formalizability Reiser’s Transfinite Aggregates Bennett’s Logical Depth Cohen’s/Stewart’s Existence Theorem for Emergent Phenomena Fontana’s and Buss’s Computational Constructions ? Holland’s Sets of Equations that Change Cardinality Crutchfield’s Calculi of Emergence Piaget’s Logico-Mathematical Constructions

Rosen’s Non-formalizability Reiser’s Transfinite Aggregates Bennett’s Logical Depth Cohen’s/Stewart’s Existence Theorem for Emergent Phenomena (Anti-) Diagonalization Fontana’s and Buss’s Computational Constructions Holland’s Sets of Equations that Change Cardinality Crutchfield’s Calculi of Emergence Piaget’s Logico-Mathematical Constructions

Rosen’s Non-formalizability Reiser’s Transfinite Aggregates Bennett’s Logical Depth Cohen’s/Stewart’s Existence Theorem for Emergent Phenomena Limitative Theorems of Gödel and Turing Fontana’s and Buss’s Computational Constructions Holland’s Sets of Equations that Change Cardinality Crutchfield’s Calculi of Emergence Piaget’s Logico-Mathematical Constructions

Rosen’s Non-formalizability Reiser’s Transfinite Aggregates Bennett’s Logical Depth Cohen’s/Stewart’s Existence Theorem for Emergent Phenomena Self-transcending Constructions Fontana’s and Buss’s Computational Constructions Holland’s Sets of Equations that Change Cardinality Crutchfield’s Calculi of Emergence Piaget’s Logico-Mathematical Constructions

Formalism of STC (incl. Negation) -ADAPTED FROM SIMMONS Construction of anti-diagonal sequence to transcend cardinality of rational numbers: Definition 1: R is a 3-place relation among x,y,z represented as D1 and D2 making-up vertical and horizontal arrays of rationals Definition 2: A diagonal F is constructed on D1 and D2 so that the mapping is a bijection D1 --> D2 Definition 3: G is the value of the diagonal F in R Definition 4: STC is an anti-diagonal of F in R so that (STCxyz =¬ Gxyz) NOTE: ¬ IS A NEGATION OPERATOR WHICH ALLOWS STC TO TRANSCEND CARDINALITY OF RATIONALS

{ } { } { } { } ( , . ), w t ( , . ), a t t P ), ,... , ( Emergent Phenomena { } ( , . ), w 1 2 i n l t + Properties { } l t i n P ), 1 ,... 2 , ( + w Emergent Bases { } ( , . ), a 1 2 i n k t STC’s Properties { } k i n t P ), ,... , ( 2 1 a

Emergence as Self-transcending Constructions: New logic for emergent novelty generation: following and negation Active leadership roles - establishing ecology of innovation

Emergent Novelty and Creativity “In a sense, I put together elements that were already there, but that is what inventors always do. You can’t make up new elements, usually. The new element, if any, it was the combination, the way they were used.” -- Kary Mullis, Nobel Laureate for his invention of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Emergent Novelty and Creativity “Invention is imagination along with a pile of junk. -- Thomas Alva Edison

Prigogine’s later definition of self-organization: “…constrained situated dependentness"

CONSTRUCTIONAL SOURCES OF NOVELTY ALREADY EXISTING ORDER CONTAINERS [RECURSION WITH NEGATION] (SELF-DISSIMILARITY BETWEEN SCALES) SELF-TRANSCENDING CONSTRUCTIONS RANDOMNESS

Self-transcending Constructions, not Just Spontaneous Processes Building Bocks as the Already Given (Structures, Dynamics, Properties) Not Subjugation to Process or Temporal Flow Non-Oppositional Based on Constructional Resources and Operations Free Act of Creativity but Not Order for Free

Criticalization Phenomena Morphogenesis -- Turing Phase Transitions Self-organization Self-organized Criticality

Turing Reaction Diffusion Symmetry Breaking Nonlinearity and Instability Linfa Yang Chemical control parameters

Self-organizing Systems (Prigogine; Haken) Symmetry Breaking Order parameter ()increases Goodwin’s Morphogenetic Fields Tc Temperature Increase (control parameter)

Critical Phenomenon in Condensed Matter Physics TemperatureDecreases (control parameter) Symmetry Breaking Tc Order parameter ()increases

Self-transcending Construction of the Emergence of a Giant Component in a so-called “random” Graph --(from Barabasi)

HOPE AND TRANSCENDENCE AND STC [...hope doesn’t] overcome the “powers defining those situations experienced as hopeless by ‘fighting’ them, rather ‘by transcending them.’ “Reflecting on hope is perhaps our most direct means of apprehending the meaning of the word ‘transcendence.’ -Gabriel Marcel

“Without hope we not only cannot wait, we cannot even put one foot in front of the other.” –Leslie Farber “...to hope until hope creates From its own wreck the thing it contemplates.” -Shelley, “Prometheus Unbound”

Transcendence, Emergence, and Hope Isaiah 43:19: [Whose Name is “I am that I am”] says to you, ‘Look, I am doing something new -- It is emerging right now, Can’t you see it? I am creating a path in the wilderness, And rivers out of the desert.’