Forensic Odontology Unknown Body Identification Mass Disaster Investigation Dental Evidence Identification Bite Mark Evidence Comparison Child, Spouse, Senior Abuse Investigation Criminal Investigation Leads Civil Litigations

Pictures & Video Tape Fingerprint cards and ID Information X-Rays and Medical Records Known Blood Types and DNA Records Occupant/Passenger/visitor Lists Non Listing Occupant Passengers/visitor Seat/room Assignment

Unknown Body Identification About 10,500 people missing every year in US Only 5% of those missing persons have dental records on file About 5,400 unidentified bodies were found every year. 65 % of those bodies were identified by dental records The top 4 States: CA, TX, MI,

Are the Remain Human Are the Remain Recent Identification of the Remain Estimation of Age Determination of Sex, Race, Stature Manner and Cause of Death Means and Facts related to Death

Dental X-Ray Identification Alignment of Teeth Uniqueness of Teeth Rotation and Direction Dental Restoration Pulp Chamber Seines Line

Types of DNA Database Sex Offender Database Felony Offender Database Felony Arrest Database All Type Arrest Database Total 1,407,000 DNA Profiles in US CODIS database and 64,500 in forensic database.

DNA Typing Emerging Trends SNPs Analysis Ethno-geographic Origin Robotic Platform Automation Data Acquisition and Analysis Microbial DNA Typing Non-human DNA Analysis Bio-geographical Ancestry Age Determination

Solid 2D AI Extract A.E Divide into Three Equal Amount Conclusive results NR, INC, NAD Conclusive results NC Non-concordantconcordantGroup

HUMAN VARIATION HUMAN EVOLUTION CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY ARCHAEOLOGY LINGUISTICS Forensic Specialty in human skeletal biology who apply their skills to medicolegal cases Study of Human Physical Variation and Evolution in Relationship to Behavioral Patterns and Cultures

Are the Remain Human Are the Remain Recent Identification of the Remain Estimation of Age Determination of Sex, Race, Stature Manner and Cause of Death Means and Facts related to Death

Bite Mark Evidence may involve: Rape, Sexual Attack Child/ Senior Abuse Sexual Activity Assault & Battery Homicide

Collection of Bite Mark Evidence 1. Photograph General Location 2. Photograph Close-up View 3. Photograph with Scale 4. Swab Saliva Stain 5. Measurement and Sketch 6. Casting of Impression

Location of Bite Marks Heterosexual Assault Homosexual Assault Female Victim Breast Thigh Ant. Shoulder Public areas Neck Arm Buttock Male Victim Upper Back Penis Axilla Scrotum Neck Arm Breast Male Victim Abdomen Chest Arm

CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION Re-evaluate Witness Statement Conduct Scene Analysis Review Results of Evidence Apply New Technology Search Missing Clues Develop New Leads

Crime Scene Collection of information Hypothesis Logic Pattern evidence Physical evidence Literature & data Reports & Records Investigate Report Witness’s statements Verification of information Coordination of information Pattern evidence Physical evidence Theory Reconstruction

Types of Bite Marks Single Tooth Impression Multiple Teeth Impressions Bruise or Rub Pattern Sucking Marks Laceration Avulsion of Tissue

Prove / Disprove Alibi Direct/Indirect Involvement Sequence of Events Self Defense vs. Homicide Location / Position Verification Active/Passive Scene Organized/Disorganized Scene Primary/Secondary Scene Direct/Indirect Involvement Sequence of Events Self Defense vs. Homicide Location / Position Verification Active/Passive Scene Organized/Disorganized Scene Primary/Secondary Scene

Variations Factors Skin factor Distortion factors Direction and amount of force Action and Reaction Variability of Force Variability of Movement Reproducibility of the Pattern Teeth Variability Subsequent Alterations

Expert Opinions Different Consistent with Similar to Possible Probable To a reasonable Dental Certainty Match Can not be determine