WWII Review of sections 3,4,5

Where did the nickname G.I. come from? It means government issued. It was stamped on everything issued to soldiers during WWII

How did women serve in the armed forces? They served in WACS & WAVES They also served as nurses & clericals

What is mobilization? Mobilization is military and civilian preparation for war. The War Production Board was created to oversee mobilization during WWII.

How did the U.S. change industry at home to help the war effort? Car factories stopped making consumer cars & started making trucks, jeeps and tanks. Limits were also placed on consumer prices and rents to control inflation.

How did the U.S. pay for WWII? Raised taxes Revenue Act of 1942 Sold war bonds Took loans

What does it mean to ration something & how was it used during WWII? When goods are rationed the amount of something a person can buy is limited. People were given ration coupons for products such as gas, sugar, tires and meat.

Name some ways everyday people could help the war effort. Victory gardens Buy war bonds Collect scrap metal Civil defense

What new roles opened up for women during WWII? Women got factory jobs Women played baseball

Who was responsible for overseeing the production of war materials? War Production Board

What new roles opened up at home & abroad for African Americans, Native Americans & Latinos during WWII? African Americans joined the armed forces and were very successful. The Tuskegee Airmen were a segregated unit of pilots. At home African Americans gained rights in the work place and continued to move north. Native Americans also served in the armed forces, the most successful were the Navajo “code talkers”. Over 250,000 Latinos fought in WWII.

What were Japanese Internment camps & why/how were they used during WWII? What were Japanese Internment camps & why/how were they used during WWII? Japanese internment camps were detention centers where more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced to live. These camps were located in the deserts out west. This was done because people feared that Japanese American citizens would help the Empire of Japan.

What were the advantages of the U.S. forces fighting in North Africa first? Gave soldiers fighting experience U.S. forces would be able to help British forces in Egypt

Who was General Rommel A.K.A. “the desert fox”? German general who led forces in North Africa

Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower? Supreme Commander of all Allied Forces in Europe & N. Africa

Which American General actually led the troops to victory in Italy? George S. Patton

Who was Winston Churchill? Prime Minister of Great Britain

Which battle was a major turning point in the war between Germany & the Soviet Union? Who wins that battle? Battle of Stalingrad The Soviets win the battle

Where & what was the largest seaborne invasion in history? Beaches of Normandy, France June 6, 1944

What was significant about the Battle of the Bulge? It was the last German offensive of the war

When and what was V-E Day? May 8, 1945 Victory in Europe (Germany surrenders)

What was the selective service act? 1 st ever peacetime draft in America Males had to register

Who were the Big Three? FDR- United States Churchill- Great Britain Stalin- Soviet Union

What occurred on December 7, 1941? The empire of Japan attacked the U.S. at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

What was the Bataan Death March? 10,000 U.S. & Filipino soldiers surrender to Japan Soldiers are marched 100 miles for days Cruel treatment: Only approximately 54,000 prisoners arrive at the camp.

Why was the Battle of Guadalcanal so important to the United States? It was the first land victory for the U.S. in the Pacific Stopped advancement (south) of Japan

What was “Island Hopping”? U.S. strategy of taking only the most necessary & least guarded islands from Japan in the Pacific.

What was the code that the U.S. used that the Japanese could never break? Navajo code

Who were Kamikaze pilots? Japanese suicide pilots

Why were the islands of Iwo Jima & Okinawa important during WWII? They were the two islands closest to Japan & were needed by the U.S. to coordinate an invasion of mainland Japan

What was the Manhattan Project? Scientific program to split the atom and create the world’s most powerful bomb

Who becomes President of the United States upon the death FDR? Vice president: Harry S. Truman

What was the Yalta Conference? Conference between FDR & Churchill to discuss what to do in post war Europe after Germany surrenders

Where were the 1 st & 2 nd atomic bombs ever used in combat? 1 st Hiroshima Japan (August 6, 1945) 2 nd Nagasaki, Japan (August 9, 1945)

Why was the Battle of Midway so important to the United States? It was the first Naval victory for the U.S. in the Pacific after the attack on Pearl Harbor Sunk 4 aircraft carriers & shot down 250 planes Turning point in the war in the Pacific

When and what was V-J Day? August 15, 1945 Japan surrenders thus ending WWII