The impact of fingerprint reagent – cyanoacrylate on DNA 8 th International Symposium on Forensic Sciences Šamorín – Čilistov september 27 th 2007 Zuzana Deščíková 8 th International Symposium on Forensic Sciences Šamorín – Čilistov september 27 th 2007 Zuzana Deščíková

Aims of the presentation To describe an influence of fingerprint enhancement reagent – cyanoacrylate on DNA and to show, that it has no deleterious effect on DNA To describe an influence of fingerprint enhancement reagent – cyanoacrylate on DNA and to show, that it has no deleterious effect on DNA

Structure of presentation 1. History 2. Reality 3. Problem 4. Question 5. Cyanoacrylate 6. DNA analysis 7. Fingerprints or DNA? 8. Conclusion

1. History Ancient fingerprints Ancient fingerprints Fingerprint pioneers Fingerprint pioneers - M.Malpighy - J.E.Purkinje - Sir W. Herschel - H. Faulds - A. Bertillon - Sir F. Galton - Sir Henry Enhancement of latent fingerprints Enhancement of latent fingerprints

2. Reality Evidence from the crime scene Evidence from the crime scene Selection of the right method Selection of the right method Order of expertise Order of expertise

3. Problem Persistance of fingerprint / DNA Persistance of fingerprint / DNA Factors influencing the fingerprints Factors influencing the fingerprints Time Time

FactsFacts - Year cases 3% together with DNA analysis - Year cases 2,5% together with DNA analysis - Year cases 5% together with DNA analysis 90% of these expertises was delayed app. for about 3 months 90% of these expertises was delayed app. for about 3 months

4. Question Do chemicals and methods used in dactyloscopy have negative influence on DNA? Do chemicals and methods used in dactyloscopy have negative influence on DNA? Is it possible to make fingerprint analysis BEFORE the DNA analysis? Is it possible to make fingerprint analysis BEFORE the DNA analysis? How does cyanoacrylate influence the DNA? How does cyanoacrylate influence the DNA?

5. Cyanoacrylate „Superglue“ or „Krazy glue“ „Superglue“ or „Krazy glue“ Ethyl-2- cyanoacrylate Ethyl-2- cyanoacrylate CA fumes react with amino acids CA fumes react with amino acids Use for smooth, nonporous surfaces Use for smooth, nonporous surfaces

6. DNA analysis Same task as dactyloscopy- individual identification Same task as dactyloscopy- individual identification - identification of suspects - exoneration of persons wrongly accused of crime - DVI - establishing of the paternity etc. Serological analysis - RFLP – PCR using STR Serological analysis - RFLP – PCR using STR Smaller samples, more sensitive analysis Smaller samples, more sensitive analysis

7. Fingerprints or DNA? Destructive influence of fingerprint enhancement chemicals on serological tests Destructive influence of fingerprint enhancement chemicals on serological tests No deleterious effect of CA and other fingerprint enhancement chemicals on subsequent DNA analysis of STRs No deleterious effect of CA and other fingerprint enhancement chemicals on subsequent DNA analysis of STRs (Hochmeister et al., Stein et al., Zamir et al., Frégeau et al.) (Hochmeister et al., Stein et al., Zamir et al., Frégeau et al.)

! Exceptions ! Use with care - physical developer - shortwave UV light - destaining Deleterious effect on DNA: - Stickyside powder - Stickyside powder + Un-do - prolonged exposure to blood reagents

8. Conclusion DNA profiles can still be obtained after the use of the majority of fingerprint enhancement techniques DNA profiles can still be obtained after the use of the majority of fingerprint enhancement techniques Fingerprint analysis of latent prints can be done BEFORE the DNA analysis of the same subject Fingerprint analysis of latent prints can be done BEFORE the DNA analysis of the same subject

Contact informations Contact informations Zuzana Deščíková Finger, palmprint and trasology department Institute of Forensic sciences (421)