Cultural Ways of Teaching and Learning STARTALK Chicago Meeting October 16, 2009
Where Persian/Farsi is Spoken? Persian/Farsi is spoken mainly in: Iran Afghanistan Tajikistan It is spoken by smaller number of people in: Persian Gulf area India, Iraq, Pakistan, Uzbekistan,and Diaspora
Educational system Iran: Basic facts: controlled by the central government and religious institutions compulsory in grades 1-12 (not reinforced) segregated in grades 1-12 (boys schools and girls schools) centrally developed curriculum
Educational System Afghanistan: Controlled by local governments and religious entities Tajikistan: Controlled by central government Secular Compulsory in grades 1-12
Importance of Education Iran: Literacy rate in 2000: 76% (Source: figures estimated by UNESCO) Education highly valued by the society as a whole Education equally available to men & women National Literacy Goals: Year Total adult literacy rate (%) Female adult literacy rate (%) Male adult literacy rate (%)
Importance of Education: Literacy Rate Tajikistan: Adult literacy rate: 99.5% Afghanistan: Adult literacy rate: 38% Considerable discrepancies between rural & urban areas, between men and women, & between different ethnic groups MaleFemale Urban areas-(ages 5-24)48%18%
Teachers: Place and Role Iran: Teachers: highly respected by parents and students regarded as mentors and authority figures rarely challenged expected to teach the prescribed curricula
Teaching Methods Iran: Despite some changes in pedagogy, instruction is still teacher-centered and relies heavily on rote memorization, factual knowledge acquisition, and testing
Subjects Taught at School Iran: Main disciplines: Persian/Farsi language: literature and grammar History and geography: Target country and the world Mathematics Science Religion English and Arabic languages (in high school) Physical education Arts (in elementary school)
Classroom Instruction: Boundaries Iran: Sensitive subjects Sex Religion Relationships between boys and girls Politics