Appraisal of the Northern Shenandoah Valley Non-Carbonate Aquifer System, Warren County, Virginia January 25, 2011

Generalized geologic province map of Warren County, Virginia Location of study area Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 1, p. 3

Average monthly precipitation Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 3, p. 5

Average annual precipitation across Warren County, Virginia, based on parameter- elevation regressions on independent slopes model (PRISM). Normal values are based on the National Weather Service’s current normal climatological period from 1971 to Data from PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, created 12 May 2009 Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 4, p. 6

Geology from Rader and Conley (1995), Rader and Gathright (2001), Rader and others (2001, 2003), Virginia Division of Mineral Resources (2003), and Southworth and others (2009). Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 5, p. 8 Generalized hydrogeologic units of Warren County, Virginia

Generalized hydrogeologic section across Warren County, Virginia Modified from Rader and Conley (1995) Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 2, p. 4

Modified from Earth Science Australia (2004); Harlow and others (2005). Joint types and bedding in folded rocks

Generalized conceptual hydrogeologic longitudinal section of the flow system in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 26, p. 41

Generalized conceptual hydrogeologic sections along strike and cross-strike in the siliciclastic fractured-rock flow system (Martinsburg Formation) in Warren County, Virginia. Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 27, p. 42

Summary statistics of well-construction and hydrologic characteristics of the rock units in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 8, p. 16

Summary statistics of well-construction and hydrologic characteristics of the rock units in Warren County, Virginia

Depth to bedrock in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 9, p. 17 From Well-completion reports

Depth to top of upper reported water-bearing zones in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 10, p. 19 From Well-completion reports

Depth to top of lower reported water-bearing zones in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 11, p. 20 From Well-completion reports

Reported well yields in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 12, p. 21

Density of wells with reported well yields less than 5 gallons per minute in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 13, p. 23

Density of wells with reported well yields greater than 50 gallons per minute in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 14, p. 24

Location of streamflow gaging stations, springs, and wells in the long-term water monitoring network for Warren County, Virginia. Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 15, p. 27

Water Levels Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 16, p. 28 Clarke County Carbonate Rock 46W175 Blandy Farm Warren County Siliciclastic Rock 45V 3 Blue Ridge Shadows 45V 4 Blue Ridge Shadows (Destroyed) National Weather Service Climatological Station Front Royal, Virginia

Relation between water levels in well 45V 3, and combined effects of barometric pressure and earth tides, and of teleseismic earthquakes. Magnitude Southern Sumatra, Indonesia 2007 September 12 11:10:26 UTC Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 19, p. 31

Streamflow in Warren County, VA Warren County Streamflow Gages USGS Gooney Run at Route 622 near Glen Echo, VA USGS Crooked Run below Route 340 at Riverton, VA USGS Manassas Run at Route 645 near Front Royal, VA Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 20, p. 32 USGS USGS USGS

45VS 1 Weddle Spring (Carbonate) 46VS 17 High Knob Spring (Metamorphic) Quarterly Spring Discharge in Warren County, VA Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 21, p VS 1 46VS 17

Riparian Evapotranspiration Warren County Metamorphic Basins Warren County Siliciclastic Basin Gooney Run at Route 622 near Glen Echo, Va Manassas Run at Route 645 near Front Royal, Va Crooked Run below Route 340 at Riverton, Va. Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 22, p. 35

Apparent age data for Shenandoah National Park sites from Plummer and others (2000) Virginia Aquifer Susceptibility site from Nelms and others (2003). Apparent age and percentage of young water fraction for sampling sites in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 24, p. 37

Nelms and Moberg (2010) Table 3, p. 39 Apparent groundwater ages and percentage of young fraction in water samples from wells and springs in Warren County, Virginia, 2003–2005.

Nelms and Moberg (2010) Table 3, p. 39

Hydrograph Separation—Streamflow Partitioning (PART) Where the curves coincide, groundwater discharge equals streamflow.

Annual water budget components for the Gooney Run, Crooked Run, and Manassas Run Basins in Warren County, Virginia, 2001–2007

Relation between annual rates of precipitation, mean streamflow, and mean base flow National Weather Service climatological station Front Royal, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 31, p. 55

Relation between annual precipitation and effective recharge Warren County, Virginia Warren County Metamorphic Basins Warren County Siliciclastic Basin Gooney Run at Route 622 near Glen Echo, VA Manassas Run at Route 645 near Front Royal, VA Crooked Run below Route 340 at Riverton, VA Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 28, p. 47

Drainage basins and parcel acreage in Warren County, Virginia Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 29, p. 51

Nelms and Moberg (2010) Table 7, p Physical and geologic characteristics, estimated effective recharge rates, and estimated water use at buildout of ungaged basins in Warren County, Virginia

Physical and geologic characteristics, estimated effective recharge rates, and estimated water use at buildout of ungaged basins in Warren County, Virginia

Nelms and Moberg (2010) Table 7, p Physical and geologic characteristics, estimated effective recharge rates, and estimated water use at buildout of ungaged basins in Warren County, Virginia

Estimated domestic water usage at buildout and varying percentages of annual effective recharge for ungaged basins in Warren County, Virginia. Estimated from the linear regression method of Yager and others (2008) Domestic usage based on 2.48 individuals per parcel multiplied by 75 gallons per day per person normalized over the drainage basin area. Current planning uses 50% of average annual effective recharge Nelms and Moberg (2010) Figure 30, p. 54 Yager and others, 2008

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