Overview of PRAGMA View to the Future Examples of Team Science and Global Engagement in Asia Pacific and South Asia Peter Arzberger Philip Papadopoulos Mason Katz Cindy Zheng Enhancing Research and Education Connectivity to and within South Asia 26 April 2007 Spring Internet2 Meeting

Some Perspectives: Do they apply to you? “…The conduct of science, intrinsically global, has become increasingly important to addressing critical global issues….” [NSB 2000] “ It is imperative that the ACP [Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Program] interoperate with cyberinfrastructure being developed and deployed in other countries.” [Atkins et.al ] “What nations don’t know can hurt them. The stakes involved in study abroad are that simple, that straightforward, and that important. … college graduates today must be internationally competent.” [Lincoln Report 2005] Delivered by Philip Papadopoulos, NSF Global Engagement Workshop Spread of Infectious Diseases Health of Oceans Health of Coral Reefs Impacts of Global Warming Role of Lakes in Carbon Cycling Avoid Replay of Cluster Divergence Grids Support Global Science Tools Developed Across Globe People Make Collaborations

e-science’s Team Science: Merging of Science and Information Technology Previously Unobtainable Observations and Understanding Enabling Technology Advance science Stream Data Dist. Files System Web Services Cross-site query Collaborative Tools Many more Science Drivers Focus development Source, movement, fate of carbon in lakes Role of Savannah Burns on Monsoons Active sites of infectious agents Persistent Infrastructure Broaden impact Software, data Lambda Grids Wireless sensor network Education & Capacity Building Develop human resources Students and postdocs Sustained Collaboration Build teams and trust Many meetings

pragma -grid.net Overarching Goals PRAGMA “A Practical Collaborative Framework”. Strengthen Existing and Establish New Collaborations Work with Science Teams to Advance Grid Technologies and Improve the Underlying Infrastructure In the Pacific Rim and Globally

Overview and Approach Process to Promote Routine Use Team Science Application-Driven Collaborations ApplicationsMiddleware Routine Use Lab/Testbed Testing Applications Building Grid and GOC Multiway Dissemination Key Middleware Workshops and Organization Information Exchange Planning and Review New Collaborations New Members Expand Users Expand Impact Outcomes Improved middleware Broader Use New Collaborations Transfer Tech. Standards Publications New Knowledge Data Access Education

Applications and Middleware Real science applications pair and drive middleware development Achieve long-run and scientific results Open to applications of all scientific disciplines –Climate simulation Savannah/Nimrod (MU, Australia) MM5/Mpich-Gx (CICESE, Mexico; KISTI, Korea) –Quantum-mechanics, quantum-chemistry: TDDFT, QM-MD, FMO/Ninf-G (AIST, Japan) –Genomics iGAP/Gfarm/CSF (UCSD, USA; AIST, Japan; JLU, China) HPM: genomics (IOIT-HCM, Vietnam) mpiBlast/Mpich-G2 (ASGC, Taiwan) –Organic chemistry Gamess-APBS/Nimrod (UZurich, Switzerland) –Molecular simulation Siesta/Nimrod (UZurich, Switzerland; MU, Australia) Amber/Rsh ( USM, Malaysia) –Compute Science Load Balancer (VAST-HCM, Vietnam) GriddLeS (MU, Australia) Source: Cindy Zheng

PRAGMA Grid Testbed 32 Clusters from 29 institutions in 14 countries/regions (+ 7 in preparation) UZurich Switzerland NECTEC ThaiGrid Thailand UoHyd India MIMOS USM Malaysia CUHK HongKong ASGC NCHC Taiwan IOIT-HCM Vietnam AIST OsakaU UTsukuba TITech Japan BII IHPC NGO Singapore MU Australia APAC QUT Australia KISTI Korea JLU China SDSC USA CICESE Mexico UNAM Mexico UCN Chile UChile Chile UMC USA UUtah USA NCSA USA BU USA ASURC Costa Rica BESTGrid New Zealand CNIC GUCAS China AIST SDSC NGO NECTEC ThaiGrid 7 gfarm sites ASGC LZU China CNIC Source Cindy Zheng

Savannah Burn: How tightly linked are burning, vegetation, and rainfall? PRAGMA Testbed ran CSIRO climate model called CCAM in combination with Nimrod/G tool set. Executed on a maximum of 90 processors (out of a maximum 159) across 7 PRAGMA grid resources located in Australia, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and the U.S. David Abramson, Amanda Lynch

Validation of Cyberinfrastructure Investments by the Savannah Burn experiment Science Resulted: The hypothesis that burning the Savannah can affect the strength and timing of the monsoon was confirmed. Testbed Exercised: The testbed operated for 170 days, and delivered over 1.25 million processor hours! Importantly, we were able to do a live upgrade of a number of the cyberinfrastructure components during the period. Middleware Improved: Improved Nimrod's ability to schedule computations by incorporating both data location and transport delays. –Allowing it to make a better choice of resources, improving the performance of the system as well as its fault tolerance. –We also enhanced Nimrod's ability to handle faults in the Grid testbed. Policy Impacted: The experiment shipped some 1.6TB of data across national and international networks. This exposed some interesting features of Australia’s network charging policy, and will lead to lasting improvements.

Grid security –Naregi (Japan), APGrid, GAMA (SDSC, USA) Grid infrastructure –Monitoring - SCMSWeb (ThaiGrid, Thailand) –Accounting - MOGAS (NTU Singapore) –Metascheduling - Community Scheduling Forum (JLU, China) –Cyber-environment - CSE-Online (UUtah, USA) –Rocks and middleware (SDSC, USA; …) Ninf-G, SCE, Gfarm, Bio, K*Rocks, Condor, … Datagrid, sensor, network –Gfarm-fuse (AIST, Japan) –GEON data network –GLEON sensor network –OptIPuter - High performance networked TDW, Telescience Collaborations With Science and Technology Teams Source: Cindy Zheng

Grid Interoperation Experiments OGF – Grid Interoperation Now (GIN), GIN-OPS –GIN testbed (February, 2006 – on-going) –TDDFT/Ninf-G (PRAGMA - AIST, Japan) PRAGMA, TeraGrid, OSG, NorduGrid; EGEE –Savanah fire simulation (PRAGMA - MU, Australia) PRAGMA, TeraGrid, OSG –Multi-Grid monitoring SCMSWeb probe matrix (PRAGMA - ThaiGrid, Thailand) Common schema (PRAGMA, TeraGrid, EGEE, NorduGrid) Peer-grid interoperation experiments –PRAGMA->TeraGrid (October, 2006 – on-going) PRAGMA member runs application across both grids QM/MD/Ninf-G (AIST, Japan) Manual reservation, 7 sites in PRAGMA, 3 sites in TeraGrid –OSG PRAGMA (January, 2007 – on-going) Members from both grids run applications across both grids OSG - Spatial Interpolation (UIowa, USA) PRAGMA - FMO/Ninf-G (AIST, Japan) OSG - FermilabGrid PRAGMA – SDSC, USA; NECTEC, Thailand; NGO, Singapore; ThaiGrid, Thailand Source: Cindy Zheng

PRAGMA Highlights of Simulating the Australian Monsoon and the Effect of Wildfires PRAGMA Biosciences Portal PRAGMA Leads Application Experiment of Grid Interoperation in GIN Testbed PRAGMA Establishes Certificate Authority (CA) Using Naregi-CA Software Expanding the Collaboration Grid Building Communities, Catalyzing Collaborations PRIME and PRIUS More accomplishments in the Working Group sections

Collaborate in Publishing Research Results Some Publications 2006 Arzberger P, Papadopoulos P. PRAGMA: Example of Grass-Roots Grid Promoting Collaborative EScience Teams. CTWatch. Vol 2, No. 1 Feb promoting-collaborativee-science-teams Abramson D, Lynch A, Takemiya H, Tanimura Y, Date S, Nakamura H, Jeong K, Hwang S, Zhu J, Lu Z, Amoreira C, Baldridge K, Lee H, Wang C, Shih HL, Molina T, Li, W, Arzberger P. Deploying Scientific Applications on the PRAGMA Grid testbed: Ways, Means and Lessons. IEEE/CCGRID International Workshop on Grid Computing, 2006, Singapore. Lee B-S, Tang M, Zhang J, Soon O Y, Zheng C, Arzberger P. Analysis of Jobs on a Multi-Organizational Grid Testbed. IEEE/CCGRID Int’l Workshop on Grid Computing, 2006, Singapore. Zheng C, Abramson D, Arzberger P, Ayuub S, Enticott C, Garic S, Katz M, Kwak J, Lee B S, Papadopoulos P, Phatanapherom S, Sriprayoonsakul S, Tanaka Y, Tanimura Y, Tatebe O, Uthayopas P. The PRAGMA Testbed: Building a Multi- Application International Grid IEEE/CCGRID International Workshop on Grid Computing, 2006, Singapore. Li WW, Arzberger PW, Yeo CL, Ang L, Tatebe O, Sekiguchi S, Jeong K, Wuang S, Date S, Kwak JH. Proteome Analysis Using iGAP in Gfarm. The Second International Life Science Grid Workshop 2005, Grid Asia 2005, Singapore Wei X, Ding Z, Li W W, Tatebe O, Jiang J, et al. GDIA: A Scalable Grid Infrastructure for Data Intensive Applications. IEEE Int’l Conference on Hybrid Information Technology, ICHIT 2006, Cheju Island, Korea. Krishnan S, Baldridge K K, Greenberg J. P, Stearn B, Bhatia K. An End-to-End Web Services-Based Infrastructure for Biomedical Applications. Proceedings of Grid 2005, 6th IEEE/ACM Int’l Workshop on Grid Computing, November 13-14, 2005, Seattle, WA, U.S.

PRIME: Providing Students International Interdisciplinary Research Internships and Cultural Experiences preparing the global workplace of the 21 st century Built on top of PRAGMA people network –Dual Mentors; Pre/post research apprenticeship –Cultural competency preparation What’s Up with Culture –Professional development seminars A Pilot Project for Global Engagement PRIME Class 2006 Computer Network Information Center (CNIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences Cybermedia Center (CMC), Osaka University, Japan Monash University, Australia National Center for High- performance Computing (NCHC), Taiwan prime.ucsd.edu

University of Melbourne University of California, San Diego University of Illinois, Chicago University of Zurich, Irchel Harbin Institute of Technology University of Canterbury Nanyang Technological University University of Malaysia National Center for High-performance Computing Security Monitoring System Based on MOGAS Bioscience GridPortal Queensland University of Technology Augment Reality toolkit Fostering of Globally-Leading Researchers in Integrated Science (PRIUS) Educational Network linking 13 organizations in 7 countries centered around the Pacific Rim Educational Network linking 13 organizations in 7 countries centered around the Pacific Rim “Studies on International Integrated Science I, II” Ａｃｈｉｅｖｅｍｅｎｔ ２００６（２００５ ) ： # of PRIUS-Invited lecturers １３ （６） # of Internship Students ４ （１） Invited Lecturer Internship Student PRIUS URL: QM/MM simulation Using OPAL OP

Towards a Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network Source: Tim Kratz Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan ; photo by Matt Van de Bogert Access can be difficult during the most interesting times Photo by Peter Arzberger, October 2004

Collaboration in Environmental Science Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network A grassroots network of –People: lake scientists, engineers, information technology experts –Institutions: universities, national laboratories, agencies –Programs: PRAGMA, AS-Forest Biogeochemistry,US-LTER, TERN, KING, EcoGrid, etc. –Instruments –Data Linked by a common purpose and cyberinfrastructure With a goal of understanding lake dynamics at local, regional, continental, and global scales

GLEON People & Groups TEAM SCIENCE GLEON Existing sites = yellow New sites (RCN) = red Research Coordination Network (NSF award, PI: P Hanson): Includes a series of key science questions Architectural design of coordinated global sensor network Broaden involvement at all levels; new partners, outreach and education 15 MEETINGS San Diego March 05 Townsville March 06 Hsinchu October 06 Lammi March 07 Montreal August 07

Lessons Learned in Building e-Communities Repeated structured interactions (workshops) to build the community –More often at first, twice/year now –Unstructured/Spontaneous interactions. It was several years before these started Group focuses on enabling science outcomes Technology builders give tutorials on capabilities Science + Technologists work side-by-side –Infrastructure/Requirements evolves naturally –Not “Build it and they will come” –Not “Gather requirements, Get stakeholder Buy In” Culture of openness and sharing of know-how and software Continue to experiment: Applications, Technologies, Meetings (structure, types), People (and students) Baby steps; and more baby steps (Learn by doing) Break bread together Stay PRAGMAtic

Every Presentation Is an Invitation to Collaboration: Some Ideas Involvement in PRAGMA Grid or other activities –Biosciences - Avian Flu; Metagenomics –Geosciences –GLEON (or CREON) –Telesciences and Tile Display Walls – NEEDS NETWORKING PRAGMA Institute for South Asia –NCHC (Taiwan) has annual workshop for Southeast Asia –U of Hyderabad is willing to host a PRAGMA Institute for this region! Exchange students and researchers –PRIME / PRIUS Participation in PRAGMA Workshops –Two times per year

Future PRAGMA Workshops 20 – 22 March 2007, Bangkok Thailand –PRAGMA 12 Hosted by NECTEC and Thai National Grid Center, –20 March 2007: GEOGrid Workshop 23 – 25 September 2007, Urbana- Champaign Illinois USA –PRAGMA 13 Hosted by NCSA Spring 2008, Hsinchu Taiwan –PRAGMA 14 Hosted by NCHC Fall 2008, Penang Malaysia –PRAGMA 15 Hosted by USM

But Why Get Involved? Larger Reasons –Science is global and collaborative –Internet and grid designed globally Personal or Institutional –Exposure to technologies and developers –Obtain users of software –Gain access to resources –Develop collaborators and contacts –Expose students/staff to new conduct of science –Launch new programs Other –Force improvements in infrastructure

Network Challenges: How common are these? 1. Accessibility (easier in metro city) 2. Cost of the Bandwidth (very high) 3. Bound on latency (to be decreased) currently to USA it is < 330msecs. 4. Bilateral/multilateral agreements

SOFTWARE Global Engagement Examples and Programs GRID EDUCATION SCIENCE GLEON –Global Ecological Observatory Network –Grassroots effort to understand lake dynamics PRIME –Pacific Rim Experiences for Undergraduates –Prepares globally-enabled workforce PRIUS –Pacific Rim International UniverSity at Osaka University –Prepares global workforce in context of curriculum PRAGMA – Pacific Rim Application and Grid Middleware Assembly –Catalyzes collaborations OptIPuter: –Optical networking, Internet Protocol, computer storage, processing and visualization technologies –Develops technologies for data intensive computing and collaborations Source: Philip Papadopoulos

Acknowledgements All PRAGMA members –Slides from Phil Papadopoulos, Cindy Zheng, FangPang Lin, Satoshi Sekiguchi Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD - PRIME Susumu Date and Shinji Shimojo, Osaka University – PRIUS Tim Kratz, U Wisconsin; Fang-Pang Lin, NCHC, David Hamilton, U Waikato – GLEON Larry Smarr – OptIPuter Wilfred Li – National Biomedical Computation Resource Tony Fountain, Tim Kratz, Ken Chiu, Rick McMullen, Sameer Tilak - Autoscaling Bill Chang, NSF for planting the seed and ongoing encouragement NSF, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, TATRC, NIH PRAGMA is supported by the NSF (Grant No. INT , INT , OCI ), the San Diego Supercomputer Center, and the California Institute of Telecommuncations and Information Technology, The University of California, San Diego and member institutions PRIME is Supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF INT AutoScaling, NEON The OptIPuter receives major funding from the National Science Foundation, cooperative agreement ANI to UCSD TATRC – for funding of avian flu international collaboration NBCR – for biomedical infrastructure, funded by NIH

A Final Thought “Peace and prosperity around the world depend on increasing the capacity of people to think and work on a global and intercultural basis. As technology opens borders, educational and professional exchange opens minds.”[i][i] [i] Annual Report IIE 2005, and “About” Google: PRIME students youtube