Ch.10 Imperialism America Claims an Empire

Imperialism The policy in which stronger nations take over weaker ones  Economic: new markets, natural resources  Political: gain colonies, power, status  Military: compete in arms race,power  Belief in racial/ cultural superiority of people of European descent (Anglo/Saxon )

Global Imperialism  Europe: had colonies for centuries  Britain had the most colonies around the world, controlled a 25% of world’s land and people.  Other nations wanted pieces for themselves.

African Imperialism  Europe: had colonies for centuries  Africa prime target in 19 th century Rich in natural resources, provided new markets.  Only independent nations in Africa Were Liberia and Ethiopia

Asian Imperialism: Japan  industrialized, modernized its government, built up its military.  Needed natural resources, looked to China for trade.  Other nations had begun to divide China into exclusive trade regions.

U.S. Imperialism Ch.10 Imperialism

Economic Reasons  American farmers has produced a surplus of goods  Needed new markets to sell stuff  Needed raw materials for factories  Solution: foreign trade

Military Reasons Alfred Mahan  Wanted to build up American navy  Defend peacetime shipping lanes  Needed to establish naval bases in Pacific and Caribbean  U.S. became 3 rd largest naval power

Superiority Some Americans combined the philosophy of Social Darwinism (survivial of fittest) with free- market competition ( private ownership of business) with racial superiority to justify imperialism

Anti- Imperialism  Cost too much in military protection  Dominated peoples didn’t have same rights as American citizens  Some Americans saw imperialism as a threat to Anglo-Saxon culture

U.S. Takes Hawaii Ch.10 Imperialism

Hawaii’s Economy  75% of wealth from sugar plantations  Plantations owned by Americans  Labor imported from Japan/ China

Hawaii’s Economy  1875 no duty on Hawaiian sugar  1887 king forced to grant voting rights to only wealthy landowners  1887 U.S. gained rights to Pearl Harbor

Hawaii’s Economy  1890 McKinley Tariff eliminated the duty-free status of Hawaiian sugar  Hawaiian sugar had to compete with other sugar growers, especially Cuba  Annexation of Hawaii would mean Hawaiian sugar would become duty- free

Deposing the Queen Queen Lil wanted to:  end property qualifications for voting  Restore power to native Hawaiians

Queen Lili’uokalani “ The cause of Hawaiian independence is larger and dearer than the life of any man connected with it. Love of country is deep seated in the breast of every Hawaiian, whatever his station.”

Deposing the Queen The Americans sugar growers :  Organized a revolt against the Queen 1893  Queen Lil was arrested  Sanford Dole became the temporary president of Hawaii

Sanford Dole Grover Cleveland William McKinley

“The New Temptation on the Mount: “ Behold all this I will give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.” A “World- Wide Empire” including Hawaii and the Philippines, is offered on the horizon.

Republic of Hawaii  Pres. Cleveland wanted the queen restored to power.  Dole refused to give up power.  Cleveland recognized the Republic of Hawaii, but refused to annex Hawaii.  1897 Pres. McKinley made Hawaii an American territory.

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