TSUNAMI BY :KARISSA SHAMAH +

9] WHAT IS A TSUNAMI Tsunami are giant waves caused by earthquakes volcano eruptions underneath the sea’s surface .

TSUNAMIS HAPPEN IN ……………. The Phillipens Japan Mexico These are some places tsunims occurs

HOW A TSUNAMI OCCURS Usually a earthquake under water causes a tsunami to develop . This happens when the plates underneath the earths surface move so that one slips under another. From deep in the ocean the energy of the earthquake causes the water level to rise above the sea level.

Tools and Technology The SWASH (Simulating Waves until at Shore) model sounds like something that would have been useful in predicting the tsunami in Japan. According to the developer Marcel Zijlema at Delft University of Technology, it quickly calculates how tall a wave is, how fast it’s moving, and how much energy it holds. Yet, Zijlema admits that unfortunately it wouldn’t have helped in this case. “The quake was 130 kilometers away, too close to the coast, and the wave was moving at 800 kilometers per hour. There was no way to help. But at a greater distance the system could literally save lives.” SWASH is a development of the SWAN (Simulating Waves Near SHore), which has been around since 1993 and is used by over 1,000 institutions around the world. SWAN calculates wave heights and wave speeds generated by wind and can also analyze waves generated elsewhere by a distant storm.  The program can be run on an ordinary computer and the software is free. An oceanographer is a person who studies oceanographer which includes the study of tsunamis and hurricanes. Back then tsunamis were hard to predict but now it is much easier.

What happens after a tsunamis The effects of the tsunami on the country during this period range from destruction and damage, death, injury, millions of dollars in financial loss, and long lasting psychological problems for the inhabitants of the region.

EFFECTS AND CONSEQUENCE The effects of the tsunami on the country during this period range from destruction and damage , death ,injury millions of dollars in financial loss , and loss lasting psychological problems for the inhabitants of the region . Losts of people helped recover tsunamis.

Special Tsunamis 1. Sumatra, Indonesia - 26 December 2004 The 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the coast of Sumatra was estimated to occur at a depth of 30 km. The fault zone that caused the tsunami was roughly 1300 km long, vertically displacing the sea floor by several metres along that length. The ensuing tsunami was as tall as 50 m, reaching 5 km inland near Meubolah, Sumatra. This tsunami is also the most widely recorded, with nearly one thousand combined tide gauge and eyewitness measurements from around the world reporting a rise in wave height, including places in the US, the UK and Antarctica. An estimated US$10b of damages is attributed to the disaster, with around 230,000 people reported dead. 2. North Pacific Coast, Japan - 11 March 2011 A powerful tsunami travelling 800km per hour with 10m-high waves swept over the east coast of Japan, killing more than 18,000 people. The tsunami was spawned by an 9.0 magnitude earthquake that reached depths of 24.4km- making it the fourth-largest earthquake ever recorded. Approximately 452,000 people were relocated to shelters, and still remain displaced from their destroyed homes. The violent shaking resulted in a nuclear emergency, in which the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant began leaking radioactive steam. The World Bank estimates that it could take Japan up to five years to financially overcome the $235 billion damages.

Thank you for watching karissa’s natural disaster