An Educational Perspective Based on Information Contained In The Indiana Prevention Resource Center Factline on Ecstasy

By the end of this presentation: you will have… (1) Been exposed to general information about Ecstasy. (2) Learned some basic facts about Ecstasy users in Indiana. (3) Viewed the potential consequences of Ecstasy use, both short-term and long-term. (4) Learned about prevention efforts in Indiana. Indiana Prevention Resource Center

Ecstasy, N-Methyl-3,4 Methylenedioxmethamphetamine (MDMA), is a member of the amphetamine family and has properties of both stimulants and hallucinogens. In the United States, MDMA is currently a Schedule I Controlled Substance with no acceptable therapeutic use. Indiana Prevention Resource Center The drug was patented in 1914 by the pharmaceutical company E. Merck, but received little attention until it became popular with the “rave” club scene in the 1980s.

Indiana Prevention Resource Center MDMA is typically sold in the form of Ecstasy tablets. These tablets are often impure and contain other substances such as: 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA) Gamma hydroxybuterate (GHB) Caffeine Dextromethophan, Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) Ketamine Phencyclidine (PCP)

Indiana Prevention Resource Center MDMA tablets are usually pastel colored and imprinted with designs or commercial logos. Substances sold as “Herbal Ecstasy” seldom contain any MDMA but is usually composed of Ephedra (Ma Huang) with additional herbs or caffeine.

Typical street names include: Ecstasy E The Love Drug Hug Drug Adam Indiana Prevention Resource Center XTC X Rolls Beans

- The Majority of the United States’ Ecstasy is produced in Europe and then smuggled into the country, although some tablets are manufactured domestically. - Ecstasy tablets cost as little as 25 cents each to manufacture and are sold for between twenty to forty dollars Indiana Prevention Resource Center

Rates of Ecstasy use by Indiana children and adolescents are decreasing. In 2002, 9.5% of 12 th graders reported using the drug once in their lifetimes compared to 5.9% in Indiana Prevention Resource Center MDMA, MDA, MDEA, Rohypnol ®, and GHB are common “club drugs” used to promote “the development of intimate connections” within a club or rave environment.

Indiana Prevention Resource Center Similarly, the national 12 th grade annual use rate declined from 10.5% in 2002 to 5.4% in 2005.

Increased Heart Rates and Blood Pressure Risk of Permanent Heart Damage Impaired Muscular Coordination Chills Confusion Dehydration Hot Flashes Hypertension Hyperventilation Jaw clenching Teeth Grinding Muscle Cramps High Body Temp. Insomnia Indiana Prevention Resource Center

Long term effects can include: - Severe Depression - Paranoia - Poor Concentration - Seizures Indiana Prevention Resource Center Overdose can lead to: - Kidney Failure - Cardiac Arrest - Coma - Death

Ecstasy is a Schedule 1 substance; it has no approved medical use in the United States. Crimes related to drug-trafficking of any Schedule I drug include a $1 million fine and 20 or fewer years in prison. Possession of the drug can result in heavy penalties, beginning with a minimum fine of $1,000 and a prison term of no more than 20 years. Indiana Prevention Resource Center

The Indiana Prevention Resource Center’s Survey on Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use by Indiana Children and Adolescents; Data from The Indiana Criminal Justice Institute The National Institute on Drug Abuse Indiana Prevention Resource Center

Content in this presentation based, in part, on a Factline produced by Bilesha Perera, Ph.D, MS in 2005 and © The Indiana Prevention Resource Center. Contact us Indiana Prevention Resource Center 2735 East 10th Street, CA110 Bloomington, IN Phone: or Fax: The Indiana Prevention Resource Center is funded, in part, by a contract with the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, financially supported through HHS/Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant. The IPRC is operated by the Indiana University Department of Applied Health Science and School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. It is affiliated with the Department's Institute of Drug Abuse Prevention. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Trustees of Indiana University or the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration. Indiana University accepts full responsibility for the content of this publication. © Copyright, 2005 by the Trustees of Indiana University. Indiana Prevention Resource Center