Inside the Earth Chapter 16 What are we walking on?

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Presentation transcript:

Inside the Earth Chapter 16 What are we walking on?

The Center Of The Earth

Earth Layers The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Inner Core *Outer Core *Mantle *Crust

The Crust * The Earth’s crust is like the skin of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other three layers. *The crust makes up 1% of the Earth. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates.

The Crust The crust is only about 3-5 miles (8 kilometers) thick under the oceans(oceanic crust) and about 25 miles (32 kilometers) thick under the continents (continental crust).

The Crust Outer layer km thick 2 types of crust –O–Oceanic (very dense, made of basalt) –C–Continental (less dense, made of granite)

Oceanic and Continental Crust

Granite/older Basalt/Younger

The Mantle The mantle is the layer below the crust. The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. The mantle is divided into two regions: the upper and lower sections.

Outer Core * The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. * The outer core is liquid. * The outer core is made up of iron and is very dense.

Inner Core * The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move. * The inner core is a solid.

Earth’s Layers How are the earth’s layers similar to an egg? Shell=crust Egg white=mantle Yolk=core

Physical Structure of the Earth Lithosphere- rigid outer layer (crust) Asthenosphere- solid rock that flows slowly (like hot asphalt)

Lithosphere The lithosphere (geosphere) is the "solid" part of Earth. It has two parts, the crust and the upper mantle The lithosphere “ sits on the” asthenosphere. The Earths Plates are the lithosphere. It is the rocky, solid portion of the crust. Remember that it is made up of mostly Silicon( Si) and Oxygen (O).

Asthenosphere This is the layer below the lithosphere. This layer is “ plastic –like”. It is somewhat solid/liquid. You can say that it is malleable. Very important in terms of plate tectonics.

Tectonic Plates Earth’s crust is broken into about 19 pieces These plates move on top of the asthenosphere