A Survey of Cloth Simulation Techniques Presented by Mave T. Houston for Comp Computational Geometry Fall 1998

Presentation Outline Introduction Textile v. Computer Graphics Industry Various Approaches to Cloth Simulation Collision Detection Conclusion Future Work

Introduction Aesthetic Considerations Interested Parties Complexities of Cloth Simulation

Interested Parties Computer graphics community concerns –Appearance –Speed Textile/Apparel community concerns –Appearance –Behavior –Speed

Approaches Geometric Physical Hybrid Advantages/Disadvantages of above Approaches

Geometric Weil (1986) - Curve fitting, subdivision, relaxation Agui (1990) - Polygonization, relaxation Hinds ( ) - 3D interaction, interpolation Ng (1995) - Mapping

Physical Feyman (1986) - Energy minimization, Multigrid method Ng (1995) - extension of Feyman’s work Thalmann ( ) - Deformable model, Newtonian dynamics Breen ( ) - Energy minimization, Elasticity theory Baraff/Witkin (1998) - Implicit Integration

Thalmann Contribution Tailor approach to cloth visualization Focus on managing interaction between the garment and the body

Thalmann cont’d.

Breen’s Contribution Cloth as a mechanical mechanism Draping simulations Woven cloth Kawabata Evolution System

Baroff & Witkin Large time steps Increased speed Implicit integration method

Hybrid Rudomin (1990) - Convex Hull, Deformable model Kunii (1990) - Energy minimization, singularity theory, curvefitting Taillefer (1990) - Curve fitting, relaxation Tsopelas (1991) - Thin wall deformation, elastica, NURBS fitting Dhande (1993) - Swept surface generation

Collision Detection Self Collision Interference detection Frame to frame Coherence Collision detection with Planes

Collision Considerations A surface self- colliding A surface and a sphere colliding

Conclusion Non-general Approaches Methods Constrained by Specifics of Cloth Satisfying Textile/Apparel and Computer Graphics Community Degrees of Accuracy Macroscopic v. Microscopic Cloth Behavior

Future Work Speed Aesthetics Unified Model to simulate cloth in all situations

References David E. Breen. Computer graphics in textiles and apparel modeling. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 16(5):26-27, September, David E. Breen, Donald H. House, and Philip H. Getto. A particle-based model for simulating the draping behavior of woven cloth. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1994, pages , New York, August ACM SIGGRAPH. Michael Carignan, Ying Yang, Nadia Magnenat Thalmann, and Daniel Thalmann. Dressing animated synthetic actors with complex deformable clothes. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1992, pages , New York, July ACM SIGGRAPH. Hing N. Ng and Richard L. Grimsdale. Computer graphics techniques for modeling cloth. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 16(5):28-41, September Merlin Hughes, Christopher DiMattia, Ming C. Lin, Dinesh Manocha. Efficient and Accurate Interference Detection for Polynomial Deformation. UNC - Chapel Hill Department of Computer Science. David Baraff, Andrew Witkin. Large Steps in Cloth Simulation. In Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1998, pages New York, July ACM SIGGRAPH.