Most girls start their period bewteen age Woman are most fertile days Sperm can live inside the reproductive track for up to 5 days

 Pregnancy begins the moment an egg is fertilized pregnancy-weeks-1-to-9_ bc  Three Trimesters › Approximately 3 months each  Full term pregnancy is weeks › Approximately 9 months

 Zygote Stage – First 2 weeks › Sperm unites with ovum (egg)  Embryo Stage – Next 6 weeks  Fetus Stage – Week 9- end

 Egg implants in the endometrium of the uterus in about 5-8 days after fertilization Week 4 Week 2 Size: Half size of grain of rice Placenta (sometimes called "afterbirth") begins developing Heart- starts to pump,

 Size- 1 to 2 inches  Moving (mother can’t feel)  Teeth fingers and toes are developing  Central nervous system- is now functioning  By 8 weeks all body systems are present and now baby is called fetus Photograph by University of Minnesota Medical Photographer, Robert Wolfe. 1972

 Size- 3 inches  Grasp reflex starts  Has Fingernails  Heartbeat can be heard with a stethoscope  Umbilical cord- provides oxygen through it  Suck his thumb

Week 12 fetus is about 3 inches long

 Size- begins at 5-9 inches  Swallows amniotic fluid and passes it as urine  Lanugo-Fine hair covers entire body  Brain fully developed  Fetus can hiccup, move around  Can determine the gender

 Size- 12 inches  Times of sleep and rest  Can hear  Mother can feel baby Kick  “Quickening” baby’s first movement

 Size- 14 inches  Sweat glands develop – regulate body temp  White film- “Vernix” waxy- protects the baby's skin from amniotic fluid  Has hand and startle reflex  Responds to sound  Survival is good

 Size- 16 inches  Baby can survive  Voice- recognizes mothers voice

 Size- 18 inches  Fat- Rapid growth  Lungs are maturing  Brain is growing rapidly

 Size- 20 inches about 7lbs  “Lightening”- uterus sinks baby drops  Not much movement  Fetus gets in head down position

 Monthly period stops  Possible sweating due to higher body temperature  Frequent urination or leaking  Gain of pounds  Hair may become thick and healthy  Breasts become larger and may be tender  Appetite increases Possible stretch marks on stomach Possible varicose veins Increased fatigue Lower back pain Trouble sleeping Possible swelling feet and hands Nausea

 Smoking  Alcohol  Hair Products – permanents, hair color  Lead  Work-related hazards  Paint  Household cleansers  Caffeine  Medications  Undercooked meat (Toxoplasmosis)  Contact with cat feces (Toxoplasmosis)

 Preeclampsia › A type of high blood pressure › Checked for every doctor visit  Gestational diabetes › Typically disappears after delivery › Diagnosed by routine glucose screening test during 6 th or 7 th month  Post-partum depression

 Heredity: Transfer of traits from parent to child  Gene: A heredity unit that determines a particular physical or mental trait  Genetic diseases: Occurs when certain genes are abnormal, causing disease or disabilities  More than 200 genetic disorders

 Down Syndrome › Extra chromosome present in all or some cells › Most commonly occurring genetic disease › Up to 50% have congenital heart defects  Neuromuscular diseases › Most common are muscular dystrophy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) › Some signs appear at birth, others later

 Resources: › Wpclinic.org › YouTube