1 SPIRIT Silicon Prairie Initiative on Robotics in Information Technology Modern Engineering Constraints

2 SPIRIT Concurrent Engineering  Design teams include others in addition to engineers  Manufacturing experts  Marketing and sales professionals  Reliability experts  Cost accountants  Lawyers  Concern with all these areas and their impact on the design is concurrent engineering.

3 SPIRIT -ilities  Concurrent engineering demands consideration of the complete life cycle of the product, process, or project.  Design for:  Manufacturability  Affordability  Reliability  Sustainability  Quality

4 SPIRIT Can this Design Be Made? (DFM)  The design of a product has an ENORMOUS impact on its manufacture.  A basic DFM methodology  Estimate the cost for a given alternative  Reduce the costs of components  Reduce the costs of assembly  Consider the effects on other objectives  If not acceptable, revise the design  REPEAT …

5 SPIRIT Design for Assembly (DFA)  Limit the number of components  Using standard components  Use a base component on which other components can be located  Use components the facilitate retrieval and assembly  Maximize accessibility during manufacturing and maintenance

6 SPIRIT Affordability  Engineering Economics  The time value of money  Money obtained sooner is more valuable than money obtained later.  Money spent sooner is more costly than money spent later.  Design decisions made today will translate into streams of “financial events” in the future.

7 SPIRIT Arthur M. Wellington’s definition of engineering “the art of doing that well with one dollar which any bungler can do with two.”

8 SPIRIT Reliability  To an engineer: the probability that an item will perform its function under stated conditions of use and maintenance for a stated measure of a variate.  Incidental failure  Catastrophic failure  Maintainability  Parts easily accessed and repaired  Redundancy

9 SPIRITSustainability  One generation’s progress can be the next’s nightmare.  Environmental responsibility is incorporated directly into the ethical obligations of engineering.  Air and water quality  Energy consumption  Disposal  Life cycle assessment analysis  Inventory  Impact  Improvement

10 SPIRIT Design for Quality  All of the –ilities are components of the design for quality  A quality design satisfies all constraints  Fully functional within the performance specifications  Meets the objectives as well or better than alternative designs  All the work of the design process is directed to design for quality.

11 SPIRIT House of Quality

12 SPIRIT Laptop Computer House of Quality