Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Module 2 Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role

Module Overview Hyper-V Host Storage and Networking 20409A 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V Host Storage and Networking

Lesson 1: Installing the Hyper-V Server Role 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Changes on the Host after Installing the Hyper-V Role

Server Platforms That Provide Hyper-V 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Windows Server 2012 and newer Windows Server operating systems: Include Hyper-V and other roles GUI and command-line management Licensed per processor, includes virtualization rights Standard edition: two virtual machines with each Windows Server operating system Enterprise edition: unlimited virtual machines with each Windows Server operating system Hyper-V Server 2012 and newer: Includes only the Hyper-V role Command-line management only (if managed locally) Free, virtual machines must be licensed separately Windows 8 and newer Windows client 64-bit operating systems: Client Hyper-V, does not include server-level features such as high availability or live migration

Hyper-V and Virtual Machine Scalability 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role System Resource Windows Server 2012 R2 Server Logical processors 320 Physical memory 4 TB Virtual processors per server 2,048 Virtual machine Virtual processors per virtual machine 64 Memory per virtual machine 1 TB Running virtual machines per server 1,024 Virtual disk size 64 TB Failover cluster Nodes per failover cluster Running virtual machines per cluster 8,000

Considerations for Disk and Storage 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V hosts can use DAS SAN NAS (SMB 3.0) Network shared folders (SMB 3.0) Virtual Machines require storage for Virtual hard disk files Configuration Checkpoints Saved state

Considerations for Networking 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V host should have multiple NICs Dedicated NIC for Hyper-V management At least one NIC for virtual machine networks Two NICs for shared storage Dedicated NIC for failover clustering (private network) At least one NIC for live migration Use fast NICs NIC teaming for redundancy and throughput Bandwidth management

Considerations for High Availability 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V host-based failover clustering Virtual machines are highly available Virtual machine-based failover clustering Cluster roles in virtual machines are highly available Virtual machine-based NLB Highly available and scale out web-based applications Application-specific clustering Applications are highly available

Changes on the Host after Installing the Hyper-V Role 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V is installed as A server role Server Manager, Install-WindowsFeature, dism.exe Restart required after installation Hypervisor is added and starts automatically Windows Server is moved into parent partition Hyper-V management tools Additional services Performance Monitor counters Applications and Services logs Hyper-V Administrators group Windows Firewall rules

Lesson 2: Managing Hyper-V 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Using Windows PowerShell to Manage Hyper-V Hyper-V Security Model

Overview of the Hyper-V Manager Console 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V servers Listing of virtual machines Hyper-V server actions Virtual machine actions

Adding the Hyper-V Manager Console 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Used for configuring Hyper-V Also on Hyper-V Server If adding the Hyper-V role by using Server Manager, Hyper-V Manager console is added automatically Hyper-V Management Tool is a feature that you must enable Windows Server - Add feature Windows 8 - Turn on Windows Feature Install RSAT and turn on Windows Feature (Windows 7) If Hyper-V Manager console cannot run on a device RDP

Using Windows PowerShell to Manage Hyper-V 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V module installed with Hyper-V role Hyper-V can be managed entirely in Windows PowerShell Get-Command -Module Hyper-V Get-Help <cmdlet>, Get-Command *part* Verb-Noun cmdlet name syntax Get-, Set-, Disable-, Enable-, New-, Add-, … Get-VMHost -ServerName LON-DC1, LON-SVR1 Get-VM -HostName LON-HOST1 | Save-VM Start-VM -Name *DC* -HostName LON-HOST1 Get-VMHost -HostName LON-HOST1 | ft Windows PowerShell ISE

Managing Hyper-V in a Workgroup Environment 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V can be a workgroup member This has no effect on virtual machines running on the Hyper-V host Domain membership simplifies management To enable remote management in a workgroup Enable Hyper-V firewall rules (Server Core only) Create a local user with the same username and password Add a local user to Hyper-V Administrators group Grant administrative rights remotely to local users Connect to the Hyper-V host in Hyper-V console Use HVRemote to simplify configuration

Hyper-V Best Practices Analyzer 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Best Practices are guidelines for typical deployment Hyper-V BPA includes over 110 rules including: Hyper-V should be the only enabled role Server Core is recommended for Hyper-V servers Domain membership is recommended for Hyper-V BPA is available in Server Manager and Windows PowerShell Can scan one or multiple roles locally or remotely Can filter scan results Compliance scan returns one of three levels: Error, Warning, Information

Hyper-V Security Model 20409A Hyper-V Security Model 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Authorization Manager controls Hyper-V security Challenging to use, not suitable for complex security rules Depreciated, but still available in Windows Server 2012 R2 Many administrators use VMM Simple Authorization is used on Server 2012 R2 Hyper-V Administrators local and domain groups—are empty by default Members have full access to Hyper-V Hyper-V Administrators group is incorporated into Authorization Manager

Lesson 3: Configuring Hyper-V Settings 20409A Lesson 3: Configuring Hyper-V Settings 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role What Are Resource Pools?

Overview of Hyper-V Settings 20409A Overview of Hyper-V Settings 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role

What Is NUMA? NUMA Hyper-V presents NUMA topology to virtual machines 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role NUMA Enables host to scale up CPUs and memory Partitions CPUs and memory into NUMA nodes Allocation and latency depends on relative CPU location Hyper-V presents NUMA topology to virtual machines Guest operating system can make decisions on how to use resources Can minimize cross-node memory access NUMA spanning enabled at host level Virtual NUMA topology can be configured at virtual machine level By default, virtual NUMA aligns with physical NUMA

20409A What Is RemoteFX? 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Provides a remote desktop experience that may be equivalent to a physical desktop environment System Requirements GPU Second level address translation RD Virtualization Host role service RemoteFX 3D Video Adapter virtual machine hardware RemoteFX features: RemoteFX for WAN RemoteFX Adaptive Graphics RemoteFX Media Streaming RemoteFX Multi-Touch RemoteFX USB Redirection

What Is Enhanced Session Mode? 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Remote Desktop over VMBus Full Remote Desktop capabilities Shared clipboard Printers, smart cards, USB devices redirection Folder redirection Enabled at Hyper-V host Guest operating system support required Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows 8.1 Remote Desktop users

What Is Enhanced Session Mode? 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hypervisor Applications Video / Keyboard / Mouse Driver VMBus Virtual Machine Management Service Virtual Machine Worker Process Virtual machine connect Basic Experience

What Is Enhanced Session Mode? 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hypervisor Applications VMBus Virtual Machine Management Service Virtual Machine Worker Process Virtual machine connect Enhanced session mode Remote Desktop Services

What Are Resource Pools? 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Resource pools are logical containers Layer of abstraction between virtual machine and hardware Virtual machine configured to use the pool Virtual machine can use any resource from the configured pool Helpful when moving virtual machines Resource pools can be used for chargeback Different resource pool types Processor, Memory, Ethernet, VHD Resource pools configured by Windows PowerShell Get-VMResourcePool New-VMResourcePool -Name "Contoso Network" - ResourcePoolType Ethernet

Lesson 4: Hyper-V Host Storage and Networking 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Overview of Network Teaming

Demystifying Storage Appliances What’s in a storage appliance? x86/x64 Processors Memory Network Adapters Storage HBAs SAS Clustered Multiple physical interfaces; Pools disks, presents LUNs, Simple, Mirrored, Parity etc. Multiple physical interfaces; Pools disks, presents LUNs, Simple, Mirrored, Parity etc. “Back” Presents interfaces: iSCSI, FC, FCoE, NFS, SMB Presents interfaces: iSCSI, FC, FCoE, NFS, SMB “Front” Deploy two or more for a Scale Out CA Solution Ethernet: 1Gb/10Gb FC: 1/2/4/8/16 Gb Servers

Deploy two or more for a Scale Out CA Solution Windows Server 2012 R2 File Server and Spaces SAS Clustered Multiple physical interfaces; Pools disks, presents LUNs, Simple, Mirrored, etc. Multiple physical interfaces; Pools disks, presents LUNs, Simple, Mirrored, etc. Windows Server 2012 Spaces  Windows Server 2012 File Server  Presents interfaces: iSCSI, NFS, SMB Presents interfaces: iSCSI, NFS, SMB Deploy two or more for a Scale Out CA Solution SMB3/Ethernet: 1Gb/10Gb 40Gb/56 Gb RDMA Servers

New Designs: Cluster in a Box 4/14/2017 9:01 AM New Designs: Cluster in a Box Server Enclosure Additional JBODs … B ports A ports x8 PCIe Server B Server A x8 PCIe x4 SAS External JBOD 1/10G E or Infiniband SAS Expander 23 … 1 Network Storage Controller CPU x4 SAS (through midplane) 1/10G Ethernet cluster connect (through midplane) DataOn – DNS 9220 http://www.dataonstorage.com Availability At least one node and storage always available, despite failure or replacement of any component Dual power domains Simplicity Pre-wired, internal interconnects between nodes, controllers, and storage Flexibility PCIe slots for flexible LAN options External SAS ports for JBOD expansion Office-level power, cooling, and acoustics to fit under a desk © 2010 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Familiar Enterprise-Grade Capabilities TechEd 2013 4/14/2017 9:01 AM Familiar Enterprise-Grade Capabilities Traditional Storage with FC/iSCSI Storage Array Windows File Server Cluster with Storage Spaces Storage Tiering Data deduplication RAID resiliency groups Pooling of disks High availability Persistent write-back cache Copy offload Snapshots Storage Tiering (new with R2) Data deduplication (enhanced in R2) Flexible resiliency options (enhanced in R2) Pooling of disks High availability Persistent write-back cache (new with R2) SMB copy offload Snapshots © 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Storage Tiering Improved storage cost-performance with industry-standard hardware Use solid-state drives (SSD) and hard-disk drives (HDD) in tiered storage space Can “pin” high priority files to the SSD tier Storage Spaces Solid State Drives Storage tiering Hot data Cold data Hard Disk Drives

Overview of Storage Spaces 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Storage pools – collection of physical disks Storage Spaces – virtual disks on storage spaces Storage Spaces features Resiliency and integrity on standard disks Continuous availability and CSV integration Optimal storage use and storage tiering Multitenancy and isolation Windows virtualized storage Physical storage (Shared) SAS, SATA or USB Storage Pool Storage Spaces

Overview of Disk Deduplication 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Identifies and removes duplications within data Without compromising data integrity To store more data on less space After data is stored (post-process) Requires NTFS file system Failover clustering and shared storage supported CSV support added in R2 Can significantly decrease space for VHD library R2 adds support for live VHD deduplication for VDI VHDs must be accessed on an SMB 3.0 network share Deduplication of virtual machines that use local storage not supported

What Is Offloaded Data Transfer? Compares with VAAI 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Traditional data copy model Server issues read request to SAN Data is read and transferred into memory Data is transferred and written from memory to SAN Issues: CPU and memory utilization, increased traffic Offload-enabled data copy model Server issues read request and SAN returns token Server issues write request to SAN using token SAN completes data copy and confirms completion Benefits: Increased performance, reduced utilization SAN must support Offloaded Data Transfer

What Is Offloaded Data Transfer? Compares with VAAI 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Intelligent Storage Array Storage array Actual data transfer Offload read Token Offload write

What Is SMB 3.0? SMB is network file sharing protocol 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role SMB is network file sharing protocol SMB protocol versions are backward compatible SMB 3.0 features in Windows Server 2012 (R2) SMB Transparent Failover SMB Scale Out SMB Multichannel SMB Direct (SMB over RDMA) SMB Encryption VSS for SMB file shares Managing SMB file shares by Windows PowerShell SMB 3.0 is used only if both sides support it

Hyper-V over SMB Hyper-V data files stored on network shares 2: Installing and Configuring the Hyper-V Role Hyper-V data files stored on network shares Virtual machine configuration, VHD files, checkpoints Hyper-V supports file shares over SMB 3.0 or newer File Server and Hyper-V must be separate servers They must be members of the same Active Directory Running virtual machine data files can be deduplicated (VDI) Reliability, availability, and performance as a SAN Uses SMB 3.0 features Benefits Easier provisioning and management Uses existing infrastructure