Plant Structure and Function

Is It a Stem, Leaf, Root, Flower, Fruit or Seed? Food Part of Plant Broccoli Cabbage Carrot Celery Stalk Corn Kernel Garlic Onion Potato Tomato Zucchini

Is It a Stem, Leaf, Root, Flower, Fruit or Seed? Food Part of Plant Broccoli Flower Cabbage Carrot Root Celery Stalk Stem Corn Kernel Seed Garlic Onion Potato Tomato Fruit Zucchini

Shoot system = leaves + stem Root system Plant Body Shoot system = leaves + stem Root system

Three Types of Plant Tissues Vascular Tissue Transport Support Ground Tissue Synthesis of Sugars Storage Dermal Tissue Protection

Stoma = opening in the leaf for gas exchange, water evaporation Plant Body Leaf = blade + petiole Functions Exposes surface to sunlight Major site of photosynthesis Conserves water Provides for gas exchange Blade Petiole Stoma = opening in the leaf for gas exchange, water evaporation

Transports water and sugar to stem and roots Conserves water Photosynthesis Transports water and sugar to stem and roots Structures of the Leaf

Phloem transports sugar Plant Body Stem: series of nodes and internodes Functions Holds leaves up to light Transports substances through vascular tissue Phloem transports sugar Xylem conducts water and minerals

Takes up water and minerals from soil Plant Body Root Functions Anchors plant in soil Takes up water and minerals from soil

Flowering Plant Reproduction Pollen grains Ovule Flower Meiosis Mitosis Flowers are modified leaves, specialized for reproduction.

Angiosperms are seed bearing & fruit producing or flowering plants.

Flowers Come in many different shapes, sizes and colors, but they all have the same functions: help plants reproduce. where seeds are made.

Flowers are the sexual reproductive organs of plants. All flowers, regardless of variety, have the function of seed formation and the production of more plants. Flowers contain both non-reproductive and reproductive structures.

The Parts of a Flower Most flowers have four parts: sepals, petals, stamens, carpels.

The parts of a flower Sepals protect the bud until it opens. Petals attract insects. Stamens make pollen. Carpels grow into fruits which contain the seeds.

Male Parts Anther This is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen. It is usually on top of a long stalk that looks like a fine hair. When the grains are fully grown, the anther splits open. Draw and label this sketch in your notes.

Male Parts Filament This is the fine hair-like stalk that the anther sits on top of. The part of a stamen that supports the anther of a flower (the stalk of the stamen). Draw and label this sketch in your notes.

Male Parts Stamen This is the male part of the flower. It is made up of the filament and anther, it is the pollen producing part of the plant. The number of stamen is usually the same as the number of petals. Draw and label this sketch in your notes.

Female Parts Stigma The sticky surface at the top of the pistil. It traps and holds the pollen and starts the fertilization process.

Female Parts Style The tube-like structure that holds up the stigma.

Female Parts Ovary The part of a plant, usually at the base of the flower, that has the seeds inside and turns into the fruit that we eat.

Female Parts Ovule The structure in a flower that develops into a seed when fertilized.(eggs)

Female Parts Carpel/Pistil The carpel is the female reproductive organ of a flower. It makes the seeds. It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. There may be more than one carpel in a flower.

Pollen - powdery grains that contain the male reproductive cells of most plants. Pollen is produced by the anthers.

Pollination Flowering plants use the wind, insects, bats, birds and mammals to transfer pollen.

When pollination occurs, pollen moves from the male parts to the female parts. Pollen grains land on the stigma and a tiny tube grows from it and down the style into the ovary.

The fertilized ovule becomes the seed and the ovary becomes the fruit.

Pollen is the powdery grains that contain male reproductive cells of most plants produced by anther. Flowering plants use the wind , insects bats, birds and mammals to transfer pollen, When pollination occurs, pollen moves from the male parts to the female parts

. Pollen grains land on the stigma and a tiny tube grows from it and down the style into the ovary. The fertilized ovule becomes the seed and the ovary become the fruit.

Pollen grains land on the stigma and a tiny tube grows from it and down the style into the ovary. The fertilized ovule becomes the seed and the ovary become the fruit.

A Complete Flower Has Both Male and Female Parts Produces pollen Stamen Anther Attracts pollinator Filament Pistil Stigma Petal Style Sepal Ovary Encloses and Protects Bud Female part Produces egg

Pollination and Fertilization in a Flower Mature Pollen Grain Sperm Cells Tube Cell Nucleus 1. pollen grains land on stigma 2. pollen tubes grow down stigma to ovary 3B: Fusion of 2nd sperm + two polar nuclei Stigma 3. double fertilization Style Sperm 3A: Fusion of sperm + egg Pollination and Fertilization in a Flower Ovule Polar nuclei Ovary Egg

Development of Fruit and Seeds From Flower Parts Provides nutrition Endosperm Triploid Endosperm Cell Fresh Fruit Ovary Seed Coat Integument Diploid Zygote Embryo (new plant) Seed = embryo + stored food + seed coat Fruit = ovary wall, mechanism for seed dispersal