Sixth Six Week Review Erosion/Weather, Natural disasters and Earth/ Space

Six Week Test Review 1.What is erosion? List several types Erosion is a process in which surface materials are worn away and transported from one place to another by agents such as gravity, water, wind and glaciers.

Six Week Test Review 2. Mechanical weathering occurs when rocks are broken by physical process. Does mechanical weathering change the chemical composition of the rock? No

Six Week Test Review 2. Chemical weathering occurs when chemical reactions dissolve minerals in rocks or change them into different minerals.

Six Week Test Review 2. State the main difference between mechanical and chemical weathering: Chemical weathering occurs when chemical reactions dissolve rocks; Physical weathering is a physical process breaks up the rock without changing it chemically.

Six Week Test Review 3. Oxidation occurs when iron (metal) are exposed to oxygen and water.

Six Week Test Review 4. What is plucking? Freezing/ thawing of a glacier – a glacier will break up and move rock over time. (gravel and boulders at the bottom of a glacier)

Six Week Test Review 5.What is carbonic acid? And how it does effect the formation of caves? Carbon dioxide + water = carbonic acid Carbonic acid dissolves limestone- caves form when slightly acidic groundwater dissolves large amounts of limestone over time.

Six Week Test Review 6. When water expands and cracks rocks, this is physical/mechanical weathering. (ice wedging)

Six Week Test Review 7. What kinds of climates have the most chemical weathering? Most chemical weathering occurs in warm, humid climates. Example: Florida Chemical weathering of granite at the French Mediterranean coast

Six Week Test Review 8. What is groundwater? Water that soaks into the ground and collects into empty spaces 9. What is runoff? Water that does not soak into the ground, runs along the earth surface.

Six Week Test Review 10.What is a delta? Sediment that is deposited as water empties into an ocean or lake to form a triangular deposit 11. What are some methods used to help prevent erosion? Some methods are contour farming, terracing, planting trees and no- till farming. Delta Contour farming

Six Week Test Review 12. The land area where water collects and flows toward a river is called a watershed. 13. Describe what weathering does to rocks. Weathering takes place on the outside surface of rocks, so the more surface area that is exposed to weathering, the faster the rock will wear down. This can happen with chemical or physical processes.

Six Week Test Review 14. If too much fertilizers enters streams from farms, algae may grow too fast, cutting off the sunlight from the water below. Causing a decrease in the oxygen levels.

Six Week Test Review 15. List several castrophic events and describe the events. (Review quiz study guide)

Six Week Test Review 16. Where and how do hurricanes form? Explain A hurricane is a whirling spiral of high winds and heavy rains that form over warm tropical ocean and loses force when it moves over land or colder oceans. 17. Where and how do tornadoes form? Explain. Tornadoes are the smallest, most violent, and most short-lived of all storms. They form when cold air meets warm air near the earth’s surface, the cold air pushes under the warm air. Tornadoes occur on land.

Six Week Test Review 18. List four reasons for flooding to occur: 1. Floods occur when rivers overflow their banks. 2.Floods occur where very high tides overflow sea walls during hurricanes. 3.Thunderstorms bring large amounts of rain on a short period. (Flash floods) 4.In spring, melting snow can cause floods.

Six Week Test Review 19. Without the earth’ s atmosphere (ozone layer), sunlight radiation would be too intense for life to exist.

Six Week Test Review 20. Why is Earth the “lucky” planet? Explain The earth is in lucky planet (Goldilocks Zone), because the distance from the sun, allows water to be liquid. The ozone layer in the atmosphere blocks radiation, allows plant and animal on the planet.

Six Week Test Review 21. List the basic requirements for human life. Oxygen Water Temperature Light