Metabolism of purines and pyrimidines - exercise - Vladimíra Kvasnicová
Purine nucleotides a)include an aromatic cycle in the structure b)can contain either adenine or thymine c)include N-glycosidic bond d)are composed of a nucleoside bound to phosphoric acid by an anhydride bond
Purine nucleotides a)include an aromatic cycle in the structure b)can contain either adenine or thymine c)include N-glycosidic bond d)are composed of a nucleoside bound to phosphoric acid by an anhydride bond
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 PURINE BASES
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 ribonucleoside deoxyribonucleoside N-glycosidic bond
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 ribonucleotide deoxyribonucleotide ester bond
Pyrimidine nucleotides a)include an imidazol ring in the structure b)include thymidine- and cytidine monophosphate c)contain an ester bond d)can include 3 phosphate groups in their structure
Pyrimidine nucleotides a)include an imidazol ring in the structure b)include thymidine- and cytidine monophosphate c)contain an ester bond d)can include 3 phosphate groups in their structure
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 PYRIMIDINE BASES
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 ribonucleosides deoxyribonucleoside
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 Ribonucleotides * N-glycosidic bond * ester bond * anhydride bond
Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides can be used a)as nucleoside triphosphates for nucleic acid synthesis b)in energetic metabolism of cells c)for activation of metabolic intermediates of saccharides and lipids d)in enzymatic reactions: some coenzymes are nucleotides
Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides can be used a)as nucleoside triphosphates for nucleic acid synthesis b)in energetic metabolism of cells c)for activation of metabolic intermediates of saccharides and lipids d)in enzymatic reactions: some coenzymes are nucleotides
Synthesis of nucleotides a)uses products of pentose cycle b)includes phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRDP = PRPP) as a substrate c)needs derivatives of folic acid d)proceeds in a cytoplasm only
Synthesis of nucleotides a)uses products of pentose cycle b)includes phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRDP = PRPP) as a substrate c)needs derivatives of folic acid H 4 –folate (THF) d)proceeds in a cytoplasm only
pentose cycle Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 PRPP = PRDP
Synthesis of purine nucleotides a)uses ammonia as a nitrogen donor b)proceeds in a cytoplasm c)can start from nucleosides produced by degradation of nucleic acids d)includes uric acid as an intermediate
Synthesis of purine nucleotides a)uses ammonia as a nitrogen donor b)proceeds in a cytoplasm c)can start from nucleosides produced by degradation of nucleic acids d)includes uric acid as an intermediate uric acid is the end product of purine ring degradation
Obrázek převzat z (leden 2007) Synthesis of purine nucleotides CYTOPLASMCYTOPLASM
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 AMP GMP IMP
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2
Synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides a)starts by the reaction: PRDP + glutamine b)proceeds only in a cytoplasm of cells c)includes orotic acid as an intermediate d)includes inosine monophosphate as an intermediate
Synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides a)starts by the reaction: PRDP + glutamine b)proceeds only in a cytoplasm of cells c)includes orotic acid as an intermediate d)includes inosine monophosphate as an intermediate
Obrázek převzat z (leden 2007) Synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides CYTOPLASMCYTOPLASM mitochondrion
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2
enzyme: ribonucleotide reductase + small protein „thioredoxin“ Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 Synthesis of 2-deoxyribonucleotides
Obrázek je převzat z učebnice: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ ‑ 2 Synthesis of thymidine monophosphate
In a regulation of nucleotide synthesis participate: a)5´-phosphoribosyl-1´-diphosphate (PRDP) b)feed back inhibition c)enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (synthesis of pyrimidines) d)enzyme xanthine oxidase (synthesis of purines)
In a regulation of nucleotide synthesis participate: a)5´-phosphoribosyl-1´-diphosphate (PRDP) b)feed back inhibition c)enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (synthesis of pyrimidines) d)enzyme xanthine oxidase (synthesis of purines) = enzyme of purine degradation
Regulation of nucleotide synthesis regulatory enzymeactivationinhibition glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase (purines) PRPP IMP, GMP, AMP (allosteric inhibition) carbamoylphosphate synthetase II = cytosolic (pyrimidines) PRPP ATP UTP
In a degradation of purine nucleotides a)ammonia is released b)CO 2 is produced c)the enzyme xanthine oxidase participates d)uric acid is produced as the end product
In a degradation of purine nucleotides a)ammonia is released b)CO 2 is produced c)the enzyme xanthine oxidase participates d)uric acid is produced as the end product
Degradation of purines = „uric acid“
In a degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides a) -amino acids are produced b)the enzyme xanthine oxidase participates c)orotic acid is formed d)ammonia is produced
In a degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides a) -amino acids are produced b)the enzyme xanthine oxidase participates c)orotic acid is formed d)ammonia is produced
Degradation of pyrimidines
Principal differences between metabolism of purines and pyrimidines purinespyrimidines formation of N-glycosidic bond in 1 st step of their biosynthesis (PRDP is the 1 st substrate) a heterocyclic ring is formed first, then it reacts with PRDP location of biosynthesis cytoplasmcytoplasm + 1 enzyme is in a mitochondrion products of degradation uric acid (poor solubility in H 2 O), NH 3 CO 2, NH 3, -AMK (soluble in H 2 O)