Darkfield Microscopy 1000x oil immersion darkfield condenser Motile Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochete in Fresh Blood, with background of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and mixed bacteria. Specimen obtained immediately from the delivery room Miscarriage of twins, placental blood not clotted Copyright Alan B. MacDonald MD 1988 all rights reserved

Darkfield Microscopy 1000x oil immersion darkfield condenser Motile Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochete in Fresh Blood, with background of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and mixed bacteria. Specimen obtained immediately from the delivery room Miscarriage of twins, placental blood not clotted Copyright Alan B. MacDonald MD 1988 all rights reserved

Darkfield Microscopy 1000x oil immersion darkfield condenser Motile Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochete in Fresh Blood, with background of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and mixed bacteria. Specimen obtained immediately from the delivery room Miscarriage of twins, placental blood not clotted Copyright Alan B. MacDonald MD 1988 all rights reserved

Darkfield Microscopy 1000x oil immersion darkfield condenser Motile Borrelia burgdorferi Spirochete in Fresh Blood, with background of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and mixed bacteria. Specimen obtained immediately from the delivery room Miscarriage of twins, placental blood not clotted Copyright Alan B. MacDonald MD 1988 all rights reserved

Image by Alan B. MacDonald MD – Copyright all rights reserved

A Series of Stop Action Clips from a Video Of Borrelia Burgdorferi [motile] in human spinal fluid Copyright Alan B. MacDonald MD Year 1987 Magnification 1000x darkfield image Image by Alan B. MacDonald MD – Copyright all rights reserved

Human Blood demonstrating elongated Classical coiled Spirochetal profiles Presumptively Borrelia Species ( Leptospires are excluded morphologically) (Treponemes are excluded by length and irregularity of coil formation) Red Blood cells and Platelets are present. Phase Contrast Microscopy. PATIENT DIAGNOSIS = SCHIZOPHRENIA Two distinct Very elongated Spirochetes Presumptively Borrelia species based on length and of Irregularity of Coiling Indicated by 2 arrows

Tangle groupings of Elongated Spirochetes Some of which are Associated with attached Round bodies attached to the Axis of the spirochetes - The Presumptive classification Of these spirochetes is based on : 1.Length 2.Irregularity of Coils along the axis 3. Attached Round bodies Human Blood demonstrating elongated Classical coiled Spirochetal profiles Presumptively Borrelia Species ( Leptospires are excluded morphologically) (Treponemes are excluded by length and irregularity of coil formation) Red Blood cells and Platelets are present. Phase Contrast Microscopy. PATIENT DIAGNOSIS = SCHIZOPHRENIA

Human Blood demonstrating elongated Classical coiled Spirochetal profiles Presumptively Borrelia Species ( Leptospires are excluded morphologically) (Treponemes are excluded by length and irregularity of coil formation) Red Blood cells and Platelets are present. Phase Contrast Microscopy. PATIENT DIAGNOSIS = SCHIZOPHRENIA

Human Blood demonstrating elongated Classical coiled Spirochetal profiles Presumptively Borrelia Species ( Leptospires are excluded morphologically) (Treponemes are excluded by length and irregularity of coil formation) Red Blood cells and Platelets are present. Phase Contrast Microscopy. PATIENT DIAGNOSIS = SCHIZOPHRENIA A Tangle of Spirochetes:: Presumptively Borrelia species (red arrows) A Single Elongated Mainly uncoiled Spirochete:: Presumptively Borrelia Species (Green arrow)

Human Blood demonstrating elongated Classical coiled Spirochetal profiles Presumptively Borrelia Species ( Leptospires are excluded morphologically) (Treponemes are excluded by length and irregularity of coil formation) Red Blood cells and Platelets are present. Phase Contrast Microscopy. PATIENT DIAGNOSIS = SCHIZOPHRENIA Elongated Spirochete(blue), Short spirochete (green) And “ring form” (red) Associated with attached Round bodies (Yellow)attached to the Axis of the Ring form - The Presumptive classification Of these spirochetes is based on :::::::::: Length:::::: Irregularity of Coils ::::::along the axis AND Attached Round bodies::::::::::