Calibrating, validating, and forecasting with the SLEUTH urban growth model in the Baltimore metropolitan area Claire A. Jantz and Scott A. Drzyzga, and Michael Maret Shippensburg University

Research objectives  Generate forecasts of urban growth in the BMR o Incorporate “drivers” of urbanization o Loosely couple with hydrologic model to capture human- environmental feedbacks CNH: Dynamic Coupling of the Water Cycle and Patterns of Urban Growth NSF award ID

How SLEUTH works  Calibration 1984 Irani, F.M. and P.R. Claggett, P.R. (2010) Chesapeake Bay watershed land cover data series: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series

How SLEUTH works  Calibration Irani, F.M. and P.R. Claggett, P.R. (2010) Chesapeake Bay watershed land cover data series: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series

How SLEUTH works  Calibration  Forecasting Irani, F.M. and P.R. Claggett, P.R. (2010) Chesapeake Bay watershed land cover data series: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series

How SLEUTH works  Calibration  Forecasting  Validation Irani, F.M. and P.R. Claggett, P.R. (2010) Chesapeake Bay watershed land cover data series: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series

Research Design BaseSewer service areas Pop + Emp for RPDs Unconstrained --- Constrained with Pop + Emp forecastsMINMINMIN SQSQSQ MAXMAXMAX

SLEUTH’s exclusion layers

Validation (unconstrained) SLEUTH’s boom and bust coefficients remain unadjusted

Validation (unconstrained)

But the future is expected to be different from the past Baltimore Metropolitan Council - Cooperative Forecasting Group. Round 7-B population and employment forecasts.

Percent of Land as Urban Population Intensity (residents/km 2 ) Employment Intensity (jobs/km 2 ) Human Intensity (humans/km 2 ) Baltimore Metropolitan Council - Cooperative Forecasting Group. Round 7-B population and employment forecasts.

Validation (constrained) Adjust SLEUTH’s boom and bust coefficients

Validation (constrained)

Constraining the forecasts Baltimore Metropolitan Council - Cooperative Forecasting Group. Round 7-B population and employment forecasts.

Constraining the forecasts Adjust SLEUTH’s boom and bust coefficients

Constraining the forecasts

Conclusions and lessons learned  SLEUTH’s calibration process can be used to evaluate “drivers” of urbanization  Validation is critical for: o Improving our understanding of how the urban system behaves o Quantifying model uncertainty o Incorporating additional models to inform SLEUTH’s forecasts

References  Baltimore Metropolitan Council - Cooperative Forecasting Group. Round 7-B population and employment forecasts.  Irani, F.M. and P.R. Claggett, P.R. (2010) Chesapeake Bay watershed land cover data series: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series  Jantz, C.A., S.J. Goetz, P. Claggett, and D. Donato (2010). Modeling regional patterns of urbanization in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 34:1-16.  Maret, Michael (2011). Using the SLEUTH urban growth model to identify "drivers" of land use change in the Baltimore metropolitan region. Geoenvironmental research. Student white paper published at  McConnell, W.J at al. (2011). Research on Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS): Approach, Challenges, and Strategies. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 92 (2): THANK YOU

Claire Welty (PI), Andrew Miller, Bernadette Hanlon, and Michael P. McGuire Claire Jantz (PI) and Scott A. Drzyzga with Michael Maret. Reed Maxwell (PI) James Smith (PI) Mary Lynn Baeck Gary Fisher CNH: Dynamic Coupling of the Water Cycle and Patterns of Urban Growth NSF award ID