Magnetism 3/28/14. Bellwork ► Where is the Earth’s north magnetic pole located? *Turn in the lab. ► Near the south geographic pole or Antarctica.

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Presentation transcript:

Magnetism 3/28/14

Bellwork ► Where is the Earth’s north magnetic pole located? *Turn in the lab. ► Near the south geographic pole or Antarctica.

BW Aside: Compass History ► Invented around 200 B.C. in China ► Used loadstones to align with the Earth’s Magnetic field

Today’s Agenda ► Bellwork ► Magnetism Pre-Quiz ► Notes on Magnetism ► Homework: Magnetic Fields

Due Dates ► Tues. (4/1): Rough draft of the Science Fiction Story due ► Wed. (4/2): Magnetic Fields H.W. due ► Tues. (4/8): Final draft of the Science Fiction Story due

Pre-Quiz ► 1) Magnets can attract and repel certain materials. ► 2) Magnets repel non metals. ► 3) Magnets will attract / repel all metals. ► 4) Moving electrons are the source of magnetism. ► 5) The larger the magnet the stronger the magnetic force.

Pre-Quiz ► 6) Magnetic fields are three dimensional. ► 7) Only magnets have magnetic fields. ► 8) A magnet can have only one magnetic pole. ► 9) Magnetism will be blocked by materials that are insulators. ► 10) The magnetic north pole is located near the geographical North Pole.

Pre-Quiz Answers ► 1) Magnets can attract and repel certain materials. ► TRUE ► 2) Magnets repel non metals. ► FALSE ► 3) Magnets will attract / repel all metals. ► FALSE

Pre-Quiz Answers ► 4) Moving electrons are the source of magnetism. ► TRUE ► 5) The larger the magnet the stronger the magnetic force. ► FALSE ► 6) Magnetic fields are three dimensional. ► TRUE

Pre-Quiz Answers ► 7) Only magnets have magnetic fields. ► FALSE ► 8) A magnet can have only one magnetic pole. ► FALSE

Pre-Quiz Answers ► 9) Magnetism will be blocked by materials that are insulators. ► FALSE ► 10) The magnetic north pole is located near the geographical North Pole. ► FALSE

Gravity vs. Electromagnetic Force ► The Electromagnetic force is time stronger then gravity!

Magnetism ► Opposite poles attract ► Like poles repel ► Magnetic poles ALWAYS come in pairs ► Magnetic fields are produced by the motion of an electric charge

Magnetic Fields

Magnetic Field Lines ► Start at the north pole and end on the south pole

Atomic Level of Magnetism (source of magnetism) ► Electrons spin about their axis ► Electrons orbit around the nucleus

Magnetic Materials ► Iron ► Nickel ► Cobalt - These are the only three elements that the electron’s spin and orbit align with each other - Other elements’ spins and orbits cancel out

Magnetic Domains ► Magnetic Domain: A microscopic cluster of atoms with their magnetic fields aligned ► Heating or dropping a magnet will weaken it (causing the domains to become unaligned)

Breaking a Magnet ► If you break a magnet in half you end up with two smaller magnets ► Even all the way down to the atomic level

Right Hand Rule ► Right-Hand Rule: determines the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire ► Right-Hand Rule: determines the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire

Right Hand Rule ► Point your thumb in the direction of the current (I) ► The curl of your fingers shows the direction of the magnetic field (B)

Right Hand Rule Symbols Vector arrows and loops A dot “●” means out of the page An ex “X” means into the page Label the symbols I = current B = magnetic field Dots “●” and exes “X” must be in pairs!