Basic Introduction to key terms What is Government? Basic Introduction to key terms

Warm Up Prompt English philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, stated the quote below in regards to the necessity of government: “Without government there would be continuous fear and dangers of violent death and life (would be) solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” **Write a short explanation of what Hobbes meant by this quote. What is your explanation of it? Do you agree with it? Give examples to support your ideas. Answers must be between 5-6 sentences.

Color-Coded Lectures Any red text = vocab from your vocab handout Any purple text = things you SHOULD write down Any green text = questions to answer during class

Boring, but necessary definitions… Government Institution that society makes and enforces public policies. Public Policies Anything the government decides to do Legislative Power  make law and frame policies Executive Power execute and enforce law Judicial Power interpret laws, settle disputes

Continued… Constitution Democracy Body of laws setting out principles, structure, and process of government. Democracy When RESPONDSIBILITY for these powers rests with the majority of the people.

Leave space under each to define on next slides The State Body of people living in defined territory Can make and enforce law without consent from higher authority 4 Characteristics of a state: Population Territory Sovereignty Government Leave space under each to define on next slides

Population People that make up the state. Size of populations has nothing to do with existence of state. Smallest= Nauru little over 9,000 Largest= China over 1.3 billion

Territory Land with known and recognized boundaries Vary in size just as population does.

Sovereignty Having supreme and absolute control within its own territory. Can decide own foreign and domestic policies. Would the states within the United States fall under this category? Why or Why not?

Major Political Ideas Chart The Force Theory Evolutionary Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory State was born of force. One person/small group claimed control and forced people to submit Once rule established all basic principles present. Developed naturally out of the early family. One person from original family head as head of gov evolve into related clans evolve into tribe evolve into the state God created the state and gave those of “royal birth” the “divine right” to rule. Obey ruler as though the ruler was God, mortal sin to oppose. People within a given area agree to form a state. Agree on a contract in which they give up power to the state in order to promote safety. Voluntarily give up powers to the state.

Purpose of Government: Preamble Form a More Perfect Union Establish Justice Insure Domestic Tranquility Provide for the Common Defense Link the states more closely together to prevent rivalries Law must be reasonable, fair, and impartial Keeping order and peace at home to prevent anarchy. Defending the nation against foreign enemies Promote the General Welfare Secure the Blessings of Liberty Services that benefit all or most people within US Liberty cannot be absolute-relative in order to protect freedom.

Forms of Government Democracy Dictatorship Autocracy Oligarchy Here are the 9 forms of Government. In groups of 3, you will create a poster on each form to present to the class. Use your text books to find: Definition Who has the power? Examples Pictures (if time) Democracy Dictatorship Autocracy Oligarchy Unitary Gov. Federal Gov. Confederate Gov. Presidential Gov. Parliamentary Gov.

Exit Slip On the same page as your warm up, answer the following prompt: 3 THINGS I LEARNED TODAY: ________________________ 1 THING I AM STILL CONFUSED ABOUT: