Chapter 20 Review Mountain Building

Which section of the diagram best represents the most common elevation range of areas that are above sea level? A B C D

Which factor would be most useful in predicting the amount of mantle a certain volume of crust will displace? temperature of the mantle density of the crust chemical composition of the mantle temperature of the crust

Which lists the types of convergent boundaries in order, from those that produce the smallest mountain belts to those that produce the largest mountain belts? oceanic-oceanic; oceanic-continental; continental-continental oceanic-continental; oceanic-oceanic; continental-continental continental-continental; oceanic-continental; oceanic-oceanic oceanic-oceanic; continental-continental; oceanic-continental

At time interval A on the timeline, ancestral North America separated from Ancestral Africa along two divergent boundaries. This was the beginning of which process? formation of the Appalachian Mountains formation of the Himalayas formation of the Lesser Antilles formation of the Adirondack Mountains

Which label best summarizes the trend represented by the arrow in the diagram? increasing temperature decreasing density decreasing age increasing density

The Lesser Antilles and the Appalachian Mountains are similar in that they were both formed . by convergence by faulting by volcanoes by oceanic plate movement

Which lists Earth materials in order of increasing density? oceanic crust, continental crust, mantle mantle, oceanic crust, continental crust continental crust, oceanic crust, mantle continental crust, mantle, oceanic crust

What is the difference between the average depth of the ocean and the average elevation of exposed land, as shown on the diagram? 841 m 3024 m 3865 m 4706 m

Subduction zones form at only oceanic-oceanic boundaries only oceanic-continental boundaries both oceanic-oceanic boundaries and oceanic-continental boundaries neither oceanic-oceanic boundaries or oceanic continental boundaries

A good model for isostasy is a collision between two cars the water line of a boat when someone boards or leaves it scraping food off a plate stretching a cracked, old rubber band

In the process of isostatic rebound, mountains are eroded over hundreds of millions of years, while the crust below them rises sinks splits to form a rift converges at a boundary

After millions of years of erosion, the Appalachian Mountains still exist because of continental drift orogeny erosion isostatic rebound

Uplifted mountains form when a large region of Earth’s crust rises up as a unit have rocks that are not very deformed are the result of erosional forces all of the above

Fault-block mountains form when two continental plates collide form above a subduction zone form when a large pieces of crust are dropped between large faults all of the above

The Himalayas formed as the result of hot spot volcanism divergence on the ocean floor continental-continental convergence oceanic-oceanic convergence

At this type of boundary, a warming lithosphere bulges upward and is higher than the surrounding oceanic crust. divergent boundaries Europe Pangaea hot spots

The volcanic peaks of Hawaii formed as a result of these. divergent boundaries Europe Pangaea hot spots

Ancestral North America and ancestral Africa collided to form this supercontinent. divergent boundaries Europe Pangaea hot spots

Some of the rocks and geologic structures in this region are like those in the Appalachian Mountains. divergent boundaries Europe Pangaea hot spots

Mountains that form when large pieces of crust are tilted, uplifted, or dropped between large faults fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

Billowy rocks that form when lava erupts onto the seafloor fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

Cycle of processes that form mountain ranges fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

Slow process of the crust’s rising after overlying material is removed fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

Condition of equilibrium whereby Earth’s crust is balanced by the upward force of buoyancy and the downward force of gravity fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

Mountains that form when large regions of Earth experience upward movement fault-block mountains isostatic rebound orogeny pillow basalts isostasy uplifted mountains

There are three dominant ranges of elevations on Earth. True False

Isostasy is an equilibrium between gravitational force and buoyant force. True False

Granite batholiths are associated with continental-continental plate boundaries. True False

The Himalayas are older than the Appalachian Mountains. True False

Ocean ridges form at convergent plate boundaries. True False

The Adirondack Mountains are classified as uplifted mountains. True False

Orogeny is a term that refers to all processes that form Earth’s crust. True False

The shaded area of this graph correctly shows the percentage of Earth’s surface that is below sea level. True False

The mantle has a greater density than continental crust. True False

The Grand Tetons are classified as fault block mountains. True False

Most of Earth's surface is above sea level. True False

Continental crust, because it is denser than oceanic crust, rises higher above Earth’s surface. True False

The volcanoes of an island arc complex form as a result of a(n) oceanic-continental convergence. True False

Uplifted mountains are regions of broad uplift that seem to be related to rising convection cells in the mantle. True False

About 70 percent of Earth’s surface is below sea level. True False

The seafloor displaces more of the mantle than the same thickness of the continental crust. True False

Isostasy between Earth’s mantle and crust exists when the mass of crust is rising as a result of buoyancy and gravity. True False

Mt. Everest is the tallest mountain on Earth, so it probably has the deepest root. True False

When mountains erode, their roots increase in size. True False

The Appalachian Mountains are an example of divergent-boundary mountains. True False

The Adirondack Mountains, which are made of rocks that show little deformation, are uplifted mountains. True False

Oceanic crust is composed mainly of basalt, and continental crust is composed mainly of granite. True False

Individual volcanic mountains on the ocean floor are called plates. True False

The tallest orogenic belts are found at continental-continental convergent boundaries. True False

Many mountain ranges are formed as the result of tectonic interactions. True False

Broad, uplifted plateaus, such as the Colorado Plateau, are regional divergent-boundary features of Earth’s crust. True False