>>>> ACAP: towards greater compliance on the web June 2007 >>>>>>>> Mark Bide Rightscom ACAP Project Coordinator June 2007 NISO/BISG Forum The Changing Standards Landscape Washington DC; June 22, 2007

agenda  where did ACAP come from?  who is involved in ACAP?  what is the ACAP pilot project?  where is ACAP technically?  why does ACAP matter?

where did ACAP come from? developing the Automated Content Access Protocol

TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR THE WEBSITES Last updated on 30 November, 2004 Please read carefully the following Terms and Conditions. They apply to the Websites (as defined below), which are owned and operated by members of the News International Group and, by accessing any of the Websites, you are agreeing to abide and be bound by such Terms and Conditions. No charge is made for your use of the Websites (unless otherwise stated), although you should be aware that telephone call charges, at rates determined by your telephone operator, may apply (including WAP over GPRS or other telephony charges). Click on the links below to access sections of this document: 1.Definitions In these Terms and Conditions the following terms shall have the meanings set out below: “Electronic Device” means a computer, mobile phone, WAP phone, personal digital assistant, or other electronic device capable of accessing the Websites; “Micro Site” means any page on a Website; “News International Group” means News International Ltd (whose registered office is at 1 Virginia Street, London, E98 1XY), the holding company of News International Ltd and any subsidiary from time to time of News International Ltd or its holding company, also referred to as “we”, “us” and “our”. Holding company and subsidiary have the meanings given in sections 736 and 736A of the Companies Act If you have any queries about whether a particular company is part of the News International Group, please contact us at any of the addresses listed in clause 19. “Newspapers” means The Times, The Sunday Times, The Sun and The News of the World, the Internet editions of which appear on the Website for each Newspaper. “Trade Marks” means any of the registered or unregistered trade marks owned by the News International Group, which includes “The Times”, “The Sunday Times”, “The Sun”, “The News of the World”, “Page Three”, “Page3”, “Page3.com”, “Sun”, any associated word or device marks and combinations of the same, and any other trade marks as maybe added to this list from time to time. “Websites” means the websites and wap sites (including their constituent pages) with their home pages as set out below (and “Website” means any one of them): 2.2. Acceptable Use Policy 3.You agree to abide by all applicable laws, regulations and codes of conduct and ensure that any content uploaded or distributed or stored by you does not infringe the rights of others. 4.All material on the Websites and any material sent to you by or any other form from the Websites (the "content") or in any way relating to the Websites belongs to our licensors or us. You may retrieve and display content from the Websites on the Electronic Device on which you first accessed it or downloaded it, print a single copy of individual pages on paper and store such pages for caching purposes only, all for your personal and non-commercial use alone. 5.We, or our licensors, own the copyright and all other intellectual property rights associated with the content, save where otherwise stated. 6.You may not do any of the following without prior written permission from us: 7. reproduce the content (other than allowed under this Acceptable Use Policy), or modify or in any way commercially exploit any of the content; 8. redistribute any of the content (including using it as part of any library, archive or similar service); 9. remove the copyright or trade mark notice(s) from any copies of content made in accordance with these Terms and Conditions; 10. create a database in electronic or structured manual form by systematically downloading and storing all and any of the content. Requests to republish, redistribute or syndicate content should be addressed to: 11.You acknowledge that we own the Trade Marks and that you may not use any of them without our prior written permission. Other product and company names and logos mentioned or displayed in the Websites may be the trade marks, service marks or trading names of third parties. To check whether any product or service is a registered trade mark of ours please contact: 12.In accessing the Websites, or any one of them, you agree not to: 13. impersonate another person or use a false name or a name you are unauthorised to use or create a false identity or address or try to mislead others as to the identity or origin of any communications; 14. modify, access or make available data stored on a computer device which you have accessed through our network (unless otherwise permitted by the Website or these Terms and Conditions); 15. make available or upload files that contain software or other material, data or information not owned or licensed to you or collect information about others (eg names/addresses) without their prior consent; 16. damage, interfere with or disrupt access to the Websites or do anything which may interrupt or impair their functionality; 17. make any commercial or business use of the Websites or resell or commercially benefit from any part or aspect of the Websites; 18. publish, post, distribute, disseminate or otherwise transmit defamatory, offensive, infringing, obscene, indecent or other unlawful or objectionable material or information; 19. threaten, harass, stalk, abuse, disrupt or otherwise violate the rights (including rights of privacy and publicity) of others; 20. make available, upload or distribute by any means any material or files that contain any viruses, bugs, corrupt data, "trojan horses", "worms" or any other harmful software; 21. falsify the true ownership of software or other material or information contained in files made available via the Websites; 22. obtain or attempt to obtain unauthorised access, through whatever means, to the Websites, other services or computer systems or areas of our or any of our partners' networks; 23. set up links from any website controlled by you to any Micro Site, except to the home page of a particular Website, without our express written permission. 24.We retain the absolute right to prevent you from accessing the Websites, without prejudice to any of our accrued rights, where we in our reasonable discretion consider that you are contravening our Acceptable Use Policy or any other term or condition of these Terms and Conditions, and we have informed you of your contravention or breach Registration 26.Where any of the Websites (or Micro Sites on any of the Websites) require that you register in order to use them, you are obliged to provide accurate and complete registration information. It is your responsibility to update and maintain any changes to that information (including your address) by altering your details as appropriate. 27.Registration is for a single user only. On registration, where required you must choose a user name and password. We do not allow any of the following: 28. any other person sharing your user name and password or pin number; 29. access through a single user name and password or pin number being made available to multiple users on a network. 30.We will not be liable for any unauthorised transactions made using your user name, pin number or password.When you register to use a Website (or a Micro Site on any of the Websites), you will be obliged to click on an icon indicating that you have read, understood and accepted these Terms and Conditions. You will not be allowed to register unless you indicate your acceptance of these Terms and Conditions and any other terms and conditions that may apply Jurisdiction 32.It is your responsibility to ensure that your use of the Websites is not contrary to the laws of your country of residence Cancellation Rights 34.If you subscribe to any service on the Website, and that service is access to a periodical, magazine or newspaper (whether electronic or paper), once you have subscribed to that service, you will not be entitled to cancel the subscription pursuant to the Consumer Protection Distance Selling Regulations Where you purchase any electronic content via the Websites, you will also not be entitled to cancel that purchase pursuant to the Consumer Protection Distance Selling Regulations 2000 as the content cannot be returned once sent. If you purchase any other service from the Website from a News International Group company, you will not be entitled to cancel that service once you have started to receive the service. 35.If you have subscribed to a Website, or any service offered by a News International Group company via the Website, no refunds will be payable on any subscription payments arising out of your cancellation of the subscription. Your cancellation rights in respect to any goods or services offered by a third party will be subject to the terms and conditions of that third party Payment 37.Where any goods or services offered via the Websites requires payment: 38. It is your responsibility to ensure that your Electronic Device has the necessary technical specification to receive or use any content purchased from the Websites. 39. All amounts payable must be paid in full in pounds sterling (unless otherwise indicated) without any deductions or set offs 40. If any payment is not paid on time, your payment is rejected or refused (including if you do not have sufficient credit in your prepaid mobile phone account) or you default in payment, the amount owing will be treated as overdue and we will be entitled immediately to cease or suspend the provision of the relevant service to you until payment has been received, or your credit topped up. 41. You must be the bill payer of the particular method of payment that you use to pay for any service, or alternatively you must get the prior permission of the bill payerYou are also responsible for any charges charged by a mobile phone network operator or internet operator. These charges may not be in addition to the price of the service. Those additional charges are outside our control, and we will not be responsible for refunding them to you. the basic conundrum… it’s hard for anyone to make content available for access and use on the network without any rules regarding access and use… but it’s hard to comply with those rules if you don’t know what they are… it’s particularly hard to learn how to read and understand rules if you are a machine…  the solution? Make the rules accessible and easy to understand – automatically without human intervention

it began with the search engines  the value of search engines to users – and to publishers – is incontrovertible…  a multitude of positive business relationships exist between search engines and publishers  index billions of web pages  point end-users to our content  provide tools to sell advertising  the power of search technology and search companies has grown exponentially  they collect, cache and index our content indefinitely  they decide what to display; how, when and where  they don’t seek positive consent for their activities

the goal…to redress the balance  task force created January 2006  publishers want (and need) to engage with search engines and other intermediaries on the internet  business-to-business relationships like any other  search engines are the pioneers of the next generation of the internet  we need to go into that future in collaboration not in opposition  automated crawling and indexing requires automated information on rights and permissions  all parties need fully automated transactions without the need for human intervention

building on what has gone before  the current level of sophistication for expression of content access and use permissions is too low  robots.txt does not provide an adequate solution for publishers as it cannot express conditional policies  robots.txt is inconsistently applied by different crawlers

ACAP – benefits for everyone in the chain Intermediaries Combined industry NO standards wars; NO proprietary monopoly; Open collaboration; Win:Win for all stakeholders more quality branded content, made accessible under mutually agreed and clearly expressed terms of access and usage Publishers new opportunities to deliver more content to consumers online in a way that satisfies their legitimate commercial interests Consumers more access, more content, in more places, with less content inaccessible behind firewalls

who is involved in ACAP? developing the Automated Content Access Protocol

ACAP participants  leadership/funding  World Association of Newspapers  European Publishers Council  International Publishers Association  publishers  Agence France-Presse  De Persgroep  Holtzbrinck Macmillan  Impresa  Independent News & Media  John Wiley & Sons  Media 24  Reed Elsevier  Sanoma  technical partners  search engines  British Library

ACAP Members  Associated Press  Association of American Publishers  Australian Publishers Association  Copyright Agency Limited  Copyright Clearance Center  Dapper  De Nederlandse Dagbladpers  European Alliance of News Agencies  European Newspaper Publishers Association  Fairfax Business Media  Federation of European Publishers  International Association of STM Publishers  International Federation of the Phonographic Industry  Mediargus  Motion Picture Association  News International  News Limited Australia  Newspaper Association of America  Newspaper Licensing Agency  Office of Public Sector Information (OPSI)  Ovid Technologies  Publishers Licensing Society  Random House Group  Scholastic  Vlaamse Dagbladpers

what is the ACAP pilot project? developing the Automated Content Access Protocol

objectives of the pilot project  12 month project – through 2007  standardized framework for machine readable expression of permissions for access and use  elaborated for specific Use Cases  with a process for extending  proof of concept through pilot implementations  sustainable business plan for future management  transition plan  communication and public affairs programme to influence opinion

resource types  two distinctly different types of resource  openly published on the World Wide Web (typically, for example, newspapers and magazines)  only accessible by access to closed servers (including books, databases, academic journals)  initially planned that the pilot would deal only with text- based resources (with embedded graphics)  now considerable interest in different parts of AV sector [newspapers, television, movie studios]

where is ACAP technically? developing the Automated Content Access Protocol

Use Case summary  crawler authentication / service identification  expression/interpretation/action of standard “usage” verbs  crawl, index, archive (means cache), preserve (means archive), derive, display, embed, aggregate (quasi-editorial), syndicate, default,…  scope  site, directory, file type, file/resource, resource class, component  qualifications, terms and conditions  quantities, durations, attribution, end-user location, other terms (e.g. payment, usage stats, registration, non-commercial,…)  action requests  refresh don’t blacklist, kill/remove/blacklist, change embargo

approach we are exploring  develop agreed semantics  usages and qualifications  request that search engines specify syntax  for robots exclusion protocol  also develop ACAP standard XML syntax  tools to convert from one to the others may be the solution to maintaining even more challenging robots.txt files…  will potentially allow ACAP XML to be included in other standard formats [eg NewsML, SiteMaps] – meet other use cases  discussion papers on authentication and take down

some things to bear in mind  publishers can express anything they like – it’s ultimately interpretation that matters  search engines can always interpret any instruction as meaning “do not index” – to the extent that publishers want their content indexed this may be counter productive  solution to some key challenges is likely to be “exclude from this service”  if you do not wish search results to be displayed in particular contexts keep content out of service  search engines have (unsurprisingly) provided no guarantees

why does ACAP matter? developing the Automated Content Access Protocol

why ACAP? current relationships between publishers and [some] network partners are far from optimal lawsuits all over the globe are a symptom, not the problem “the answer to the machine lies in the machine” a technical solution to a technical challenge ACAP is a collaborative project to find such a solution …with support from all sectors of publishing …and our technology partners …and increasing interest from other media …and increasing political support no equivalent work is taking place elsewhere

why ACAP? ACAP is committed to avoid reinventing wheels being developed in close collaboration with EDItEUR as a minimum, guaranteed interoperability with ONIX-LT our objective: a practical, pragmatic open standard with a proof of concept implementation a standard not a business model not a set of services

how you can be involved  sign up for our monthly newsletter at  become a member of ACAP  early access to project documents  monthly telephone conference to discuss progress  €1500 one-off fee for this year – but about to be reduced (current fee includes 2 seats at June 26 conference)

>>>> thank you >>>>>>>> Mark Bide Rightscom ACAP Project Coordinator June 2007 Please contact me if you would like more information