Open channels – uniform flow, and flow routing. We can consider 4 cases of streamflow Flow does not change in time Flow changes in time Flow does not.

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Presentation transcript:

Open channels – uniform flow, and flow routing

We can consider 4 cases of streamflow Flow does not change in time Flow changes in time Flow does not change in space Flow changes in space

Flow does not change in time Flow changes in time Flow does not change in space Steady, Uniform flow – stream flow under some conditions – use Manning’s equation Unsteady gradually varied flow – stream flow under some conditions – use a routing method Flow changes in spaceSteady, Nonuniform flow - Flow over a waterfall/weir – use surface profile methods or Energy equation UnsteadyDam break, surges – use complex computer models

Geometry of Uniform Flow

Trapezoidal cross-section of Uniform Flow

Circular cross-section of Uniform Flow

Manning’s equation From Robert Manning, Irish engineer ( ) Empirical formula Dates from 1889

Hydrogaphs and routing