Detention and Interrogation Defense Institute of International Legal Studies Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program

I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion 2 Introduction: Module Objectives Participants will be able to describe the UN and US approach to balancing enforcement with rights Participants will be able to list rights upon arrest, detention, and interrogation Participants will be able to describe the right to counsel and its relevance

I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights Basic standards Objectives Compare military and police Mindset 3

II.The U.N. Approach Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) Body of Principles for Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment (BPDI) 4 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

III.The U.S. Approach Fourth Amendment – Prohibition against unreasonable search and seizure. Fifth Amendment - Cannot compel self-incrimination Exclusionary Rule - Violation of Fourth/Fifth Amendment rights may render evidence inadmissible 5 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

III.The U.S. Approach Sixth Amendment - Speedy Trial and Assistance of Counsel Eighth Amendment - Prohibits Cruel and Unusual Punishment 6 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

IV.Arrest Probable cause required Authority to apprehend Rights in private dwelling Inform individual cause of arrest Use of force in apprehension 7 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

V.Initial Detention Brought promptly before a judge Information on charges and rights A judicial authority shall review the continuance of detention Probable cause required Speedy trial within reasonable time 8 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

VI.Detention Communication with family Legal Counsel Visitation Oversight Records 9 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

VI.Detention UN treaties state that places of detention shall be visited regularly by qualified inspectors Ensure compliance with standards Detainees should have the right to communicate freely and with full confidentiality with inspector 10 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

VII. Interrogation Interrogation: questions and conduct implemented to encourage answers to questions Ensure compliance with standards UN Convention Against Torture Prohibits conduct that would inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering 11 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

VIII. Right to Counsel Assistance of Counsel UN principle: detained persons have a right to legal counsel State provided or private counsel may be utilized 12 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

US and UN standards for detained person are designed to ensure: Humane treatment, safety, respect for rule of law and to give the detained person access to oversight and judicial process 13 I.Law Enforcement and Individual Rights II.U.N. Approach III. U.S. Approach IV. Arrest V.Initial Detention VI. Detention VII. Interrogation VIII. Right to Counsel IX. Conclusion

Detention and Interrogation Defense Institute of International Legal Studies Regional Defense Combating Terrorism Fellowship Program