A 8.0 magnitude earthquake occurred offshore in the Solomon Islands. The earthquake occurred at a depth of 28.7 km (17.8 miles) and a tsunami warning was.

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Measuring Earthquakes

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Presentation transcript:

A 8.0 magnitude earthquake occurred offshore in the Solomon Islands. The earthquake occurred at a depth of 28.7 km (17.8 miles) and a tsunami warning was issued for the region. This is the second largest earthquake to strike the Solomon Island region in nearly 40 years. Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Australia

Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Tsunami model amplitude information is shown colour-coded to the scale. Filled colours show maximum computed tsunami amplitude in cm during 24 hours of wave propagation. Black contours show computed tsunami arrival time. LinkLink to NOAA animation for the February 6, 2013 Solomon Island tsunami propagation Image courtesy of the NOAA Centre for Tsunami Research

Shaking intensity Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Strong to very strong shaking was recorded in Lata, the island closest to this earthquake with hundreds of residents. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (courtesy of University of Alberta)

Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC USGS PAGER Population Exposed to Earthquake Shaking Overall, the population in this region resides in structures that are vulnerable to earthquake shaking, though some resistant structures exist. The predominant vulnerable building types are mud wall and informal (metal, timber, GI etc.) construction. Table below shows estimated population exposure to earthquake shaking. Image courtesy of the US Geological Survey

Earthquake and historic seismicity The earthquake epicentre (yellow star) is plotted on the map with regional seismicity since A series of M7.4 to M8.1 shallow thrust earthquakes have occurred along this portion of the plate boundary in recent years. Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Image courtesy of the US Geological Survey

Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Australia Plate Pacific Plate Northern New Hebrides Trench

Tectonic summary The earthquake occurred due to shallow thrust faulting on or near the plate boundary interface between the Australia and Pacific plates. In the region of this earthquake, the Australia plate converges with and subducts beneath the Pacific plate, moving towards the east-northeast at a rate of 90 mm/yr. Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC USGS Centroid Moment Tensor Solution The figure on the left shows the style of faulting (focal mechanism), and the right one shows schematically how plates associated with the thrust faulting move.

As of UTC 11/02/ :51:23, five days after the main shock, there have been 381 events of magnitude 2.5 or larger. The largest aftershock was a magnitude 7.1 that occurred 11 minutes after the main shock. Two aftershocks both with M7.0 occurred 42 minutes and 52 hours after the main shock respectively. Aftershocks (orange and yellow) from United States Geological Survey in this region following the main shock (blue). Aftershocks Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC M8.0 Main shock M 7.1 aftershock M 7.0 aftershock M 7.0 aftershock 50 km

Seismogram recordings by school seismometers Bishop Wordsworths SchoolCheddleton Nr.Leek Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC

10 Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Seismogram recordings by various seismometers across the UK

11 Magnitude 8.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS Wednesday, 6 February, 2013 at 01:12:23 UTC Find out more…. BGS (British Geological Survey) – seismology and earthquakes – frequently asked questions IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) – learning about earthquakes UK School Seismology Project – classroom activities, videos and support documents USGS (United States Geological Survey) – FAQs, glossary, posters, animations USGS summary of the Solomon earthquake earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000f1s0#summaryhttp://origin- earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000f1s0#summary Tsunami information