European Involvement in T2K Neuchatel June 21, 2004 Dave Wark Imperial College /RAL

…to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark Italy  Padova, Naples, Roma France  Saclay, IN2P3 Spain  Valencia, Barcelona Switzerland  University of Geneva, ETH United Kingdom  Imperial College, QMW, Warwick, RAL, Liverpool, Sheffield ~25 physicists currently, more being sought Mailing list, regular meetings at CERN Many have joined K2K European Groups Ready to Join T2K

decay pipe Near detector Target Station  -pit 280m 130m Neutrino Beam Facility Overview Technical Design&Development (Status) Report Primary proton beam line  Normal conducting magnets  Superconducting magnets  Proton beam monitors  Vacuum system  Collimators/beam plug Target station  Target  Horn  Remote handling system Decay pipe Beam dump Muon monitors …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

…to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark Simulations now being performed at RAL, proposing to do the engineering design

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

J/gK degree Z R Temperature rise of the target due to the radiation w/ 1 pulse cal. w/ MARS 30mm  graphite target : energy deposit is ~60kJ/spill Thermal stress analysis (incl. shock wave) and cooling system design is now on-going. maximum~ 180J/g Target system

23m Iron shield Helium vessel Machine room Service pit Storage for radioactive material 12m 33m Iron shield Concrete blocks 40 ton crane Target & 1st horn2nd horn3rd horn Final focus Decay volume Concrete structure Ground level Baffle 22m Extremely high radiation environment Neutrino target station Aluminum wall filled with He RALCERN(?)PSI(?)

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Where shall we install the monitors FF TS -Beam Arc PS I,C,P C,P I,C,P C,P P P P C, P C, P C, P I,C,P I,P TGT Beam Monitor I : Intensity (CT) C: Center position (LPM) P: Profile (SSEC/RGBPM) BLM will be placed along the beam line.

Detector electrons ・ Residual gas is ionized by proton beam ・ Produced electrons are collected by Straight Electric Field. ・ Collected electrons are detected by MCP (Micro Channel Plate) or EMT (Electron Multiplier Tube) equipped with the multi-anodes. ・ Non Destructive ・ Cover the wide range of proton intensity MCP Electric Field Profile Monitor : (2)RGBPM Estimated signal of readout ~ [electrons/ch] (J-PARC: 1e^-7 Torr) J-PARC Fast beam  High intensity Magnetic Field is necessary (B>0.03T for a few mm resolution)

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

20m  36m 33 22 SK direction 16m 5m FGD MRD Neutron shield ~14m SK Grid  profile beam 1m Conceptual design of the near neutrino detector Off-axis (~2 o ) On-axis (0 o ) Beam direction and stability The detector design is only just started. 3m  and e fluxes and spectra interaction study Kaon contributions (CC-QE, non-QE and  0 ) (w/ Magnet?)

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

…to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark UA1/NOMAD Magnet Advantages greatly reduces expensive MRD improved measurement of p  Charge id on (most) tracks Accepted as default design

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m  Fine-grained tracking to take advantage of the magnetic field …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m  Fine-grained tracking to take advantage of the magnetic field  EM calorimeter? …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m  Fine-grained tracking to take advantage of the magnetic field  EM calorimeter?  Electronics? …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: Beam  Design of the beam dump  Target expertise  Proton beam final focus monitoring  Muon monitors/muon monitor electronics  Beam windows  Quench detectors 280m detector  Major European contribution – magnetize the 280m  Fine-grained tracking to take advantage of the magnetic field  EM calorimeter?  Electronics?  DAQ? …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate sensitivity. …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Convincing demonstration of e appearance will require detailed understanding of backgrounds …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark Which will in turn require a detailed understanding of the near/far comparison

…to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics. …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data  HARP …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data  HARP  HERO/NA49/some other experiment …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data  HARP  HERO/NA49/some other experiment Software/Analysis …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data  HARP  HERO/NA49/some other experiment Software/Analysis  Contribute state-of-the-art software techniques …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

Proposed European Contributions: 2 km detector  Would provide the ultimate limit to systematics.  Are participating in simulation and conceptual design  Would contribute some substantial element, like the FGD  Perhaps use a medium-sized LAr calorimeter? Hadron Production data  HARP  HERO/NA49/some other experiment Software/Analysis  Contribute state-of-the-art software techniques  Fully participate in analysis and verification of any results …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

FAQ (or rather FHO). There is nothing for Europe to contribute to T2K  I hope I have shown otherwise. The Japanese can do it all.  No they can’t. It is too far.  It is no farther than SLAC.  Japanese groups routinely work at CERN and RAL. What is in it for us?  The opportunity to play a central part in the key experiment on  13.  The opportunity to grow the European experimental community  Fantastic experience in water Čerenkov detectors.  Fantastic experience in doing near/far comparisons.  Involvement in the next premier facility.  Continue the unification of the world’s physics community. …to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark

…to T2K European input… Imperial College/RAL Neuchatel Meeting June 21 ’04 Dave Wark