2008 Wisconsin Crop Disease Survey 2008 Wisconsin Crop Disease Survey Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection Wisconsin Department.

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Presentation transcript:

2008 Wisconsin Crop Disease Survey 2008 Wisconsin Crop Disease Survey Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection

2008 Surveys Early Season Diseases of Winter Wheat Early Season Diseases of Soybeans Soybean Viruses and Rust Snap Bean Viruses Viruses and Stewart’s wilt of Seed Corn Soybean Cyst Nematode Potato Cyst Nematode Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection Plant Industry Bureau Pest Survey & Plant Industry Laboratory Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection Plant Industry Bureau Pest Survey & Plant Industry Laboratory

Early Season Wheat Diseases Survey of 106 fields in 11 wheat growing counties, 50% of the wheat acreage in the state. In each field, at 5 sites, 10 plants are examined. Maturity from Feekes State 8.0 (flag leaf visible) to Feekes Stage (flowering complete to base of spike). DATCP

Early Season Wheat Diseases DATCP Powdery Mildew Blumeria graminis Septoria Leaf Blotch Septoria tritici and S. nodorum

Early Season Wheat Diseases DATCP

Early Season Diseases of Soybeans DATCP Root rot, Phytophthora sojae Stem Blight, Phomopsis spp.

Early Season Diseases of Soybeans DATCP

Soybean fields were surveyed from early July to late August, when fields were at R2-R6 growth stages. Surveyors randomly collected leaves from five plants at four sites from each field without regard to symptom expression. Samples are stored on ice and transported to DATCP’s Plant Industry Laboratory for testing. Soybean Virus Survey Field Sampling Method DATCP

Laboratory Methods RT-PCR and ELISA for Virus Detection Foliar samples are tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using Agdia reagents or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). AMV detection as described by Martinez-Priego et al., Plant Dis. 88:908, 2004; SbDV, Harrison et al. Plant Dis. 89:28-32, 2005.

AMV: aphids, non-persistent transmissionAMV: aphids, non-persistent transmission SbDV: aphids, persistent transmission by colonizing aphids.SbDV: aphids, persistent transmission by colonizing aphids. Virus Vectors DATCP

Soybean Dwarf Virus SbDV causes severe yield losses on soybean in northern Japan. SbDV is constantly present on forage legumes in US. Wisconsin clovers infected 43-66% ( ). SbDV has been reported on soybeans in VA. SbDV was detected on soybeans in Wisconsin for the first time in Host range: more than 50 plants, including peas, beans, lupines, various clovers, beets, spinach…. DATCP

Total fields tested: 238 Alfalfa mosaic virus: 21 positive sites Soybean dwarf virus: 16 positive sites Survey from July 15 to August 29, Soybean Virus Survey Results

Soybean Virus Overview DATCP Year Total Fields Surveyed AMVBPMVCMVPOTYSbDV NA29.9%NA NA4.2%0.3% 1.7% %0.0% 1.7% NA0.0%NA0.0%1.4% NA0.0%NA0.0%3.2% %0.4%0.0%0.4%3.1% %NA 6.7%

Asian Soybean Rust Phakopsora pachyrhizi DATCP scouted 238 fields in No Asian Soybean Rust (ASBR) was observed in fields in Lab testing is pending. Northern most finds were in five counties in Illinois, late in the season. USDA Website USDA Website Brown spot disease Septoria glycines DATCP

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade & Consumer Protection Snap Bean Virus Survey fields were sampled. BPMV, POTYviruses, SBMV, ToRSV, TRSV, TSV all negative. CMV: 2 positive fields in Portage Co. AMV: 1 positive in Langlade Co. Looking for more fields in 2009, please contact Phone (608) Free Sampling and Testing. DATCP, Plant Industry Laboratory 4702 University Ave, Madison WI 53702

Seed Certification DATCP DATCP-Plant Industry Bureau and Laboratory provide seed field inspections, testing and phytosanitary certification. Corn: Stewart’s Wilt, HPV, MDMV, WSMVCorn: Stewart’s Wilt, HPV, MDMV, WSMV Soybean: SCN, Fungal Diseases and VirusesSoybean: SCN, Fungal Diseases and Viruses Cucumbers: Fungal and Bacterial DiseasesCucumbers: Fungal and Bacterial Diseases

In 2008, 95 corn fields in 9 counties inspected. Stewart’s Wilt: 2 positive sites in Rock Co. MDMV: 2 plots positive in Columbia Co. HPV, WSMV all negative. Stewart’s Wilt (Pantoea stewartii) HPV, MDMV, WSMV DATCP Gray leaf spot Cercospora zeae-maydis

Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines Female cyst with eggs DATCP 2 nd stage juvenile Infested Soybean Field

Department of Agriculture, Trade & Consumer Protection

Prevalence of Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), (Heterodera glycines) based on cumulative UW/DATCP consensus data from annual soil surveys of soybean fields. Surveyed and infested soybean acreage comprises 85.5% of the soybean crop in the state.

Potato Cyst Nematode (PCN) Survey 2007: 1,808 soil samples 2008: 610 soil samples All fields were free from PCN. Globodera pallida, Globodera rostochiensis

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection Potato cyst nematodes have never been detected in Wisconsin.

Adrian Barta Sara Ott Jennifer Krebsbach Krista Hamilton Clarissa Hammond Tim Leege, Jim Meyer Rachel Leisso Emily Bencriscutto Charlotte Rodgers Andrew Merker Daniel Gerhardt DATCP Plant Industry Pest Survey DATCP Plant Industry Laboratory