איכילוב 7 46y female WBC=62.000\ul Hb=16.1g% Normal indices

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איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 46y female WBC=62.000\ul Hb=16.1g% Normal indices Plat.=255000/ul Flags: Leokocytosis Neutrophilia Imm NE 1 Imm NE 2

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 x50 8 טסיות בשדה שיש בו מעל 100 תאים אדומים

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 תאי בלסט, גרנולציה ציטופלסמטית עדינה גרעינון גרנולציה Chediak-Higashi like granules

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 NRBC hypochromia 7 טסיות בשדה של כ-100 תאים אדומים סטייה שמאלה

Dysplastic myeloid cell Ring neut. , dohle bodies איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 Dysplastic myeloid cell Ring neut. , dohle bodies Dysplastic changes

Blast 56% + Manual differential: Leukoerythroblastic changes Left Myelocyte 3% Metamy 5% St 8% Neut 11% Eos 1% Bas 1% Plasma 1% Mon 1% Lymph 9% Prolymph 5% NRBC 1\100 איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 Leukoerythroblastic changes Left shift תפיסת מח העצם + Dysplastic changes Cytoplasmic granulation AML with dysplasia

הממצאים הראויים לציון: בלסטים טרומבופניה שינויים דיספלסטיים איכילוב 7 27.02.2008 הממצאים הראויים לציון: בלסטים טרומבופניה שינויים דיספלסטיים נוכחות נורמובלסטים שינויים לויקואריתרובלסטיים

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008

איכילוב 7 27.02.2008

FAB classification M0 M2 Prognosis compared to average for AML Approximate % of adult AML patients Name FAB Worse 5% Undifferentiated acute myeloblastic leukemia M0 Average 15% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with minimal maturation M1 Better 25% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation M2 Best 10% Acute promyelocytic leukemia M3 20% Acute myelomonocytic leukemia M4 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia M4 eos Monocytic leukemia M5 Acute erythroid leukemia M6 Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia M7 M1 M3

FAB classification M0 Prognosis compared to average for AML Approximate % of adult AML patients Name FAB Worse 5% Undifferentiated acute myeloblastic leukemia M0 Average 15% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with minimal maturation M1 Better 25% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation M2 Best 10% Acute promyelocytic leukemia M3 20% Acute myelomonocytic leukemia M4 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia M4 eos Monocytic leukemia M5 Acute erythroid leukemia M6 Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia M7 M5 M4 M3

FAB classification Prognosis compared to average for AML Approximate % of adult AML patients Name FAB Worse 5% Undifferentiated acute myeloblastic leukemia M0 Average 15% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with minimal maturation M1 Better 25% Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation M2 Best 10% Acute promyelocytic leukemia M3 20% Acute myelomonocytic leukemia M4 Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with eosinophilia M4 eos Monocytic leukemia M5 Acute erythroid leukemia M6 Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia M7 M6 M7

WHO classification AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22), (AML1/ETO) AML with inv(16)(p13q22) or t(16;16)(p13;q22(, )CBFb/MYH11) Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Characteristic Genetic Abnormalities Acute Myeloid Leukemia With an FLT3 Mutation Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Multilineage Dysplasia Acute Myeloid Leukemias and Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Categorized Acute Leukemias of Ambiguous Lineage Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML with t(15;17)(q22;q12(, )PML/RARa and variants( All categories of FAB

FLT3 biology and relevance in leukemias (fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (Flt3), fetal liver kinase-2 (Flk2) (CD135) tyrosine kinase receptor expressed in a variety of cells: myeloid and B-lymphoid lineage cells The expression of FLT3 is restricted to early bone marrow progenitor cells expressing CD34+

FLT3 mutations Internal tandem duplications (ITD) Or Activating loop mutation FLT3 contains a Juxtamembrane domain (JM) that functions to inhibit the kinase activity. Mutations in this domain, cause a helical conformation that distorts the small lobe of the kinase domain and blocks the JM domain from performing its "autoinhibitory" function.

Therapeutic impotrtance Mutations in the FLT3 receptor - in ~30% of patients with AML, This is the single most commonly mutated gene in AML - poor prognosis These mutations may play a role in the survival or proliferation of leukemic blasts. Although FLT3 mutations may play a role in the disease process, FLT3 is not sufficient to cause AML, Additional mutation required to present with full diseas Therapeutic impotrtance

Comparison of overall survival of significant disease groups in the World Health Organization classification. P < .001.

לפני חודש חזרה מטיול בארה"ב מכבי 8 27.02.2008 17y female Fever, headache 2 weeks לפני חודש חזרה מטיול בארה"ב

מכבי 8 27.02.2008 מכבי 8 27.02.2008 22.10.07 31.10.07 WBC 5.9 3.2 RBC 3.87 3.74 HB 10.6 10.1 Hct 32.7 31.4 MCV 84 MCH 27.4 27 MCHC 32.4 32.2 RDW 13.7 13.4 PLT 222 278

מכבי 8 27.02.2008 22.10.07 31.10.07 Neut.% 46.8 33.8 ANC 2700 1100 Lymph% 34.5 56.9 ALC 2000 1800 Mon% 16.7 7.5 AMC 1000 200 Eos% 1.7 0.9 AEC 100 18(מכשיר=0) baso 0.3 ABC 17(מכשיר=0) 3 (מכשיר=0) זיהום וירלי זיהום חיידקי מסוים תהליך שגרם להופעת מונוציטוזיס בשלב ראשון שחלפה ופנתה מקום להופעת נויטרופניה

22.10.07 31.10.07 ESR 90mm/h 64mm/h CMVIgG חיובי CMVIgM שלילי EBV Ab. מכבי 8 27.02.2008 22.10.07 31.10.07 ESR 90mm/h 64mm/h CMVIgG חיובי CMVIgM שלילי EBV Ab. Past infection

השאלה: באיזה זיהום חיידקי מדובר? מכבי 8 27.02.2008 זיהום וירלי פחות סביר השאלה: באיזה זיהום חיידקי מדובר? כאן בא לעזרתנו המשטח

מכבי 8 27.02.2008

זיהום כזה חמור סביר מאד שיעורר את המערכת החיסונית מכבי 8 27.02.2008 זיהום כזה חמור סביר מאד שיעורר את המערכת החיסונית

Adhesion of plat. To monocyte מכבי 8 27.02.2008 LGL Adhesion of plat. To monocyte

מכבי 8 27.02.2008 Phagocytosis Dohle bodies apoptosis

מכבי 8 27.02.2008 apoptosis dg: borreliosis

הממצאים הראויים לציון: בורליה אפופטוזיס פגוציטוזיס מכבי 8 27.02.2008 הממצאים הראויים לציון: בורליה אפופטוזיס פגוציטוזיס

13 מתוך 17 מעבדות ציינו נוכחות בורליה מכבי 8 27.02.2008 13 מתוך 17 מעבדות ציינו נוכחות בורליה 23.5% הרבה

Lyme disease, or borreliosis Borrelia burgdorferi מחלה זיהומית נגרמת ע"י חיידק הבורליה חיידק מסוג ספירוכטה spirochete מועבר ע"י עקיצת קרציה מסוג Ixodes

symptoms treatment flu-like symptoms in its initial stage Musculoskeletal Arthritic Neurologic Psychiatric cardiac treatment doxylin

RDW=16 flag: anisocytosis WBC=67700/ul Mono 73.7% AMC=49900/ul אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08 88y female Hb=11.6g%, normal indices RDW=16 flag: anisocytosis WBC=67700/ul Mono 73.7% AMC=49900/ul Plat.=373000/ul ANC=7200/ul ALC=10300/ul

אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08

אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08

Manual differential: Villous lymphocytes 87% Mon 1% neut 12% אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08 אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08 Manual differential: Villous lymphocytes 87% Mon 1% neut 12%

אסף הרופא 9 27.02.08 מעבדות 101,112,114,129 ציינו נוכחות תאים שעירים

Replaced, hypercellu. BM B cells, unknown degree of differntiation MZL HCL lymphocytosis pancytopenia PB: Many villous lymphocytes PB: Monocytopenia, few hairy cells splenomegaly Replaced, hypercellu. BM BM dry tap Post germinal center B cells, unknown degree of differntiation Mature B cells CD5- CD25+, CD103+ Cyclin D1+ Cyclin D1-

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) group of protein kinases regulation of the cell cycle. regulation of transcription and mRNA processing. serine/threonine kinases. t(11;14)(q13;q32)

dg: most probably MZL, SMZL, SLVL מכבי 8 27.02.2008 dg: most probably MZL, SMZL, SLVL הממצאים הראויים לציון: Villous lymphocytes

WBC=3700/ul ANC=1190/UL, ALC=2010/UL FLAG: IMMATURE GRANUKOCYTES מכבי 10 27.02.08 22y female Hb=10.9g% normal indices RDW=17.5 WBC=3700/ul ANC=1190/UL, ALC=2010/UL FLAG: IMMATURE GRANUKOCYTES PLAT.=147000\UL Esr=34/h

מכבי 10 27.02.08 Prolymphocyte? תמונת מראה

מכבי 10 27.02.08 Tear drops

מכבי 10 27.02.08 blasts

WBC=3700/ul Neut 23%(ANC=851) St 6% Myelo 3% Meta 1% Bas 2% Lymph 36% מכבי 10 27.02.08 WBC=3700/ul Neut 23%(ANC=851) St 6% Myelo 3% Meta 1% Bas 2% Lymph 36% Prolymph 3% Mon 4% Atyp 2% Blast 20% Manual differential: Left shift No narrow Auer cytoplasm rods

dg: acute leukemia most probably ALL מכבי 10 27.02.08 מכבי 10 27.02.08 dg: acute leukemia most probably ALL T cell? ממצאים ראויים לציון: בלסטים סטיה שמאלה תאי דמעה קרוב לודאי ALL איפיון אימונולוגי – סקירה קצרה על ALL

מכבי 10 27.02.08

מכבי 10 27.02.08

מכבי 10 27.02.08 10/17

A L L ALL is most common in childhood and young adulthood Peak incidence at 4-5 years of age, Another peak in old age. The overall cure rate in children is 85%,

Hyperdiploidy > 50 ; t (12;21) Cytogenetic findings Prognosis Hyperdiploidy > 50 ; t (12;21) Favorable Hyperdioloidy 47 -50; Normal(diploidy); del (6q); Rearrangements of 8q24 Intermediate Hypodiploidy-near haploidy; Near tetraploidy; del (17p); t (9;22); t (11q23) Unfavorable

Molecular genetic abnormality Cytogenetic translocation BCR-ABL fusion(P185 t(9;22)(q34;q11) TEL-AML1fusion t(12;21)CRYPTIC E2A-PBX fusion t(1;19)(q23;p13 MLL-AF4 fusion t(4;11)(q21;q23 IGH-MYC fusion t(8;14)(q24;q32 TCR-RBTN2 fusion t(11;14)(p13;q11

לא רלוונטית יותר!!!!! The FAB classification: ALL-L1: small uniform cells ALL-L2: large varied cells ALL-L3: large varied cells with vacuoles(Burkitt like) לא רלוונטית יותר!!!!!

WHO proposed classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia s Ig c Ig B cell T cell Tdt FAB Class Types - -/+ + L1,L2 Precursor B Precursor T L3 B-cell

CD4/CD8 surface CD3 TdT ALL Cells +/+ or -/- - + Early T-precursor ALL +/- or -/+ T-cell ALL

SIg CyIg CD10 CD19 TdT ALL Cells - + Early B-precursor ALL Pre–B-cell ALL +/- B-cell ALL

WHO proposed classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma Former Fab L1/L2 i. Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma Cytogenetic subtypes: Hyperdiploidy > 50 t(12;21)(p12,q22) TEL/AML-1 t(1;19)(q23;p13) PBX/E2A t(9;22)(q34;q11) ABL/BCR T(V,11)(V;q23) V/MLL ii. Precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma 2- Burkitt's leukemia/lymphoma Former FAB L3 3- Biphenotypic acute leukemia