 Australian Network Operators Group  Community for network operators who work with ISPs, content providers or other areas of the on-line industries in Australia  Platform for exchange of ideas, experiences, technical information and network with expert from the industry  Inaugural meeting was organized by volunteers in response to overwhelming demand

 Two day conference nd August 2008  Held at Sydney Convention and Exhibition Center, Darling Harbor.  Wi-Fi connectivity available with IPv6  Total speakers: 20

 IPv6: Failure is an option  Emerging Access Technologies  Building remote PoPs  4 Byte ASN: The transit provider perspective  Internet Traffic and Attack Trends

 We’re running short of IPv4 pools  5 th Feb. 2008, entire IPv4 pool will be exhausted  To adopt IPv6, we’re too late!!  Devices upgrades now  ISPs need to pay for the upgrade, because the customers wont!!  It will create panic  We’re not sure how successful it will be

 There are 2.5 billion entries in the routing tables but less than 10% are found in packets  Use existing IPv4 infrastructure  Use NAT intensely  NAT increases address space by 16bits  Use NAT at a carrier level  Each NAT address can serve (on average) almost 200 addresses  Relinquish unused address space  Current growth of internet can be served by using only 4 pools of /8s  What if have pushed NAT too far??  Use application level gateways (Proxies)

 Get rid of ATM by EFM (Ethernet on First Mile)  No Single Technology to address a specific need  Population density  Terrain  Geographic region  VDSL2 deployment cases  Shorten Copper loop 0.75Km – 400Mbps/8Mbps 1Km – 25Mbps/5Mbps

 QoS parameters are changing  Teleworking  Online Gaming  2xVoIP  2x HDTV8-10Mbps using MPEG-4  2xSDTV (4Mbps using MPEG-2 / 2-3Mbps using MPEG-4)  Internet  Point to Point Ethernet  Single Ethernet port for every single customer  Power budget is critical  1 Port = 1 Customer

 Passive Optical Network (PON)  BPON: 622Mbps/155Mbps  1 Port = 32 Customers  EPON: 1.25Gbps/1.25Gbps  GPON: 2.48Gbps/1.25Gbps  1 Port = 64 Customers  Femtocell  In home 3G home base station  Uplink provided by conventional broadband  Better in building coverage and less tariff

 Why??  Buy a cheap transit  Increase customer base  How??  Where transits are cheap  US West Coast  Japan etc.  Choosing a facility  Where there are no. of transit service providers  Local loop is available  Change providers easily  24x7 remote hands  Requirements for the facility  Space for racks  Friendly remote hands  Power requirements  Redundant  110/220 AC/DC  HVAC

 Costs  Equipment  Cable from the landing station to PoP  Protection and alarm systems  Racks  Equipment choices  High reliability is a must  Dual power option  Redundancy  Readily available and spares  Security

 First statistical analysis on internet traffic in history (from 67 ISPs)  Key statistics  1,270 BGP routers  141,629 interfaces  More than 1.8Tbps of inter-domain traffic  Data was validated using SNMP counters  TCP is the dominant protocol and then UDP  Popular ports in use  Most Popular: TCP Port 80 (web)  2 nd Popular: TCP Port 4662 (edonkey)  Youtube contributes 10% of the internet traffic  Tiger effect: Traffic increased by 65% of the peak value for 4 hrs  IPv6  Total IPv6 traffic: %  ASNs with IPv6 BGP announcements: 0.3%  IPv6 enabled hosts: 0.4%