Strategies for Alignment and Convergence of the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) and the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) Invited Presentation C2/MS, Forum Curtis Blais MOVES Institute Naval Postgraduate School Kevin Gupton Applied Research Laboratories University of Texas at Austin Kevin Heffner Pegasus Research & Technologies Montreal QC Canada

Previous Related Work J. Abbott, C. Blais, K. Gupton, K.Heffner and L. Khimeche: Strategies for Application of the Coalition Battle Management Language (C-BML) with the Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL), Spring 2012 SIW Invited Presentation K. Heffner, Common Core Model for MSDL and C-BML Alignment, MSDL V2 Drafting Group Decision Analysis and Resolution Paper, June 2012 K. Gupton, K. Heffner, C. Blais, J. Abbott and C. Turnitsa, Management of C4I and M&S Standards with Modular OWL Ontologies, Spring 2011 SIW 11S-SIW-061

Presentation Outline INTRODUCTION What are C-BML and MSDL ? Why align C-BML and MSDL ? What needs to be aligned ? CORE C-BML/MSDL MODEL Defining a Core C-BML/MSDL Model Building & Maintaining the Core C-BML/MSDL Model Generating XML Schemas CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

What are C-BML and MSDL ?

What is MSDL ? SISO-STD

Define, schedule and exchange Orders according to 5W rules: Exchange Reports on: Status and Location of friendly forces (CR POS) Enemy units discovered (CR OBS) Logistics Who What When Where Advance To line L1 Qualifier At Time T1 Unit1 Why Coalition Battle Management Language Qualifier Name Type Name What is C-BML ? SISO-STD Draft

What are C-BML and MSDL ? Entities {Organisation, Materiel, Facility, Feature} Entities {Organisation, Materiel, Facility, Feature} Event {Action, Task, Occurrence} Event {Action, Task, Occurrence} Location {Point, Line, Area, Volume} Location {Point, Line, Area, Volume} Place {Address, Named location} Place {Address, Named location} Time {Temporal point, Temporal region} Time {Temporal point, Temporal region} MSDL/C-BML Modeled Concepts Symbology {Icons, Graphics, Overlay} Symbology {Icons, Graphics, Overlay} Materiel {Equipment, Consumables} Materiel {Equipment, Consumables} Feature {Geographic, Meteorological, Control Feature} Feature {Geographic, Meteorological, Control Feature} Organisation {Individual, Group, Civil, Military } Organisation {Individual, Group, Civil, Military } Facility {Hospital, Runway, Network, etc.} Facility {Hospital, Runway, Network, etc.}

MSDL/C-BML Modeled Concepts What are C-BML and MSDL ? Entities {Organisation, Materiel, Facility, Feature} Entities {Organisation, Materiel, Facility, Feature} Event {Action, Task, Occurrence} Event {Action, Task, Occurrence} Location {Point, Line, Area, Volume} Location {Point, Line, Area, Volume} Place {Address, Named location} Place {Address, Named location} Time {Temporal point, Temporal region} Time {Temporal point, Temporal region} Symbology {Icons, Graphics, Overlay} Symbology {Icons, Graphics, Overlay} Materiel {Equipment, Consumables} Materiel {Equipment, Consumables} Feature {Geographic, Meteorological, Control Feature} Feature {Geographic, Meteorological, Control Feature} Organisation {Individual, Group, Civil, Military } Organisation {Individual, Group, Civil, Military } Facility {Hospital, Runway, Network, etc.} Facility {Hospital, Runway, Network, etc.} Who What Where When Why

Why align C-BML and MSDL ?

“ C-BML used to task reports sent to generates tasks in Simulation can generate Typical MSDL/C-BML Information Exchanges How are C-BML and MSDL used together ? generates reports in also can be used to initialize C2 System records snapshot as used to initialize MSDL SCENARIO INITIALIZATION SCENARIO EXECUTION References Initial Tasking References Initial TaskOrg, Materiel, Unit Status/Position

“ C-BML used to task reports sent to generates tasks in Simulation can generate How are C-BML and MSDL used together ? generates reports in also can be used to initialize C2 System records snapshot as used to initialize MSDL SCENARIO INITIALIZATION SCENARIO EXECUTION References Initial Tasking References Initial TaskOrg, Materiel, Unit Status/Position ??? Typical MSDL/C-BML Information Exchanges

C-BML/MSDL Alignment Problem Statement IF C-BML and MSDL stakeholders need for these standards to work “nicely” together, THEN they need to have a common core aligned data model, and they need to use a common physical format. FURTHERMORE, IF C-BML maintains the requirement to use the MIP JC3IEDM as its underlying data model. THEN The common core C-BML/MSDL data model should use the MIP- JC3IEDM or derived products as the initial and primary source.

What needs to be aligned ?

Alignment 1. Data Misalignment Example MSDL: A unit has a mandatory symbol_ID, echelon defined as a symbol_modifier, and has relations to other units. OR JC3IEDM/C-BML: A unit is a type of military organisation that is defined by properties such as echelon, category, service etc… and could have an extension for optional symbol information. 2. Physical Formats XML Schema Style Guide, Naming and Design Rules

Defining a MSDL/C-BML Common Core Model

Multi-lateral Interoperability Programme MIP and NATO JC3IEDM has been ratified as STANAG 5525 MIP specification is included in NATO C3 Technical Architecture Many national C2IS implement MIP specifications NATO Long-Term Defense Plan (LTDP) Army/Allied Tactical C2 Information System (ATCCIS) MIP replaces Battlefield Interoperability Program (BIP) ATTCIS and MIP merge to from Land C2 Information Exchange Data Model (LC2IEDM) LC2IEDM -> C2IEDM C2IEDM -> JC3IEDM JC3IEDM -> MIM Concise History of MIP

Multi-lateral Interoperability Programme MIP Information Model* Many improvements from JC3IEDM 150 Change proposals ~ 11,237 changes Structural Simplifications E.g. Merged ObjectItem, ObjectType and ObjectItemStatus Improved comprehensibility Consistent use of Metadata Independent of Exchange Mechanisms Improved Modularity Tool Supported Automated Approach Maintenance and Evolution of UML Model Management of Business Rules Transformation of Model to Create other models Generate XSD Schemas *See M.Gerz, N. Bau “A Platform-Independent Reference Data Model for a Future Interoperability Solution”, 17 th ICCRTS, Fairfax VA USA June 2012

MSDL/C-BML Core Common Model C-BML already uses something close to the MIM:Organisation, MSDL easily could use the same definitions Same for Materiel, Equipment, Consumables

MIM Feature Already aligned MSDL Environment already uses MIM-MeteorologicalFeature MSDL could use other Feature branches (e.g. ControlFeature) RECOMMENDATION: MSDL should reference ControlFeatures and Units independent of the Tactical Graphics and Symbology. These can be added as extensions. MSDL/C-BML Core Common Model

Proposed Approach for Building a MSDL/C-BML Common Core Model 1.Start with MIM foundation classes 2.Delete /Add / Modify as Required 3.Use an automated, repeatable process 4.Maintain a model, but generate schemas

MIP Information Model 1.0 (MIM-1.0)

MIP Transformation and Change Proposal Tools

MIP Change Proposal (CP) Processor MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure

MIP Change Proposal (CP) Processor Input is MIM Enterprise Architect UML Model Change Proposal is described as XML file Can add/remove/modify Packages Classes/Enumerations, Attributes Associations Stereotypes Tagged values Tagged values can be used for model transformation XSD Generation OWL package generation Custom MIM model can evolve independently of C-BML/MSDL Model Can generate mapping classes between MIP products & C-BML/MSDL Can update C-BML & MSDL products upon MIP update, as required Can remain independent of MIP types while re-using/modifying as few or many types, as required.

MIP CP Processor Functions

MIP CP Processor Functions (zoom) AddTag function has been added to support C-BML/MSDL model transformation requirements

MIP Information Model 1.0 (MIM-1.0) Entire MIM is contained in one package. C-BML utilizes a multi-package approach. How to re-create MIM in a multi-packaged form ?

Example Model Generation “Repackaging the MIM” MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure Problem - Current MIM contains: one package for all classes, and one package for all enumerations. Solution - Create Change Proposal that: defines a set of packages; moves classes from root package to specified packages (See Backup Slides)

MIM 1.0 – Repackaging Change Proposal File

MIM 1.0 – Repackaged (Metadata Package)

This Change Proposal actually has been submitted for consideration during the next MIP meeting in September The MIP-IPT-F Group is working with the SISO C-BML Phase 2 DG to support C-BML/MSDL Model Generation Requirements, including automated schema generation, as described in the following slides. MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure

Example XML Schema Generation “Generating Action.xsd” MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure

MIM 1.0 – UML -> XSD Transform Action Package

MIM 1.0 – UML -> XSD Transform Action Package (Cont’d)

MIM 1.0 – Action.xsd (auto-generated)

MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure C2IEDM JC3IEDM MIM 1.0 MIM 1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.0 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V2.0 MIP CP TOOL MIM 2.0 MSDL CBML Core Model MSDL/C-BML Core Schemas V1.0 UML Transform MSDL/C-BML XSD Schema Naming and Design Rules C-BML/MSDL Core Model V1.0

MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure C2IEDM JC3IEDM MIM 1.0 MIM 1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.0 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V2.0 MIP CP TOOL MIM 2.0 MSDL CBML Core Model MSDL/C-BML Core Schemas V1.1 UML Transform MSDL/C-BML XSD Schema Naming and Design Rules C-BML/MSDL Core Model V1.1

MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure C2IEDM JC3IEDM MIM 1.0 MIM 1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.0 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V2.0 MIP CP TOOL MIM 2.0 MSDL CBML Core Model MSDL/C-BML Core Schemas V2.0 UML Transform MSDL/C-BML XSD Schema Naming and Design Rules C-BML/MSDL Core Model V2.0

MSDL/C-BML Core Model Generation Procedure C2IEDM JC3IEDM MIM 1.0 MIM 1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.0 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V1.1 MSDL/C-BML Core Model Description V2.0 MIP CP TOOL MIM 2.0 MSDL CBML Core Model MSDL/C-BML Core Schemas V2.0.1 UML Transform MSDL/C-BML XSD Schema Naming and Design Rules C-BML/MSDL Core Model V2.0.1

Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions We have worked out a first approach for unification of MSDL and C-BML data models Approach has been developed in collaboration with the MIP and includes an automated engineering process There are few technical obstacles but need to address SISO governance issues

Recommendations C-BML and MSDL PDGs need to work together to define an alignment and convergence strategy Options: – Merge current PDGs to create a combined PDG to develop the unified data model and subsequent C-BML/MSDL SISO products – MSDL independently applies the C-BML Core Data Model – Create a Working Group (e.g., like DIS-ENUM) responsible for providing a unified data model to the C-BML and MSDL PDGs – C-BML and MSDL PDGs form a Joint Team to develop the unified data model; generate separate products from the unified model

Questions ?

Back-up slides

Requirements MSDL Requirements a. Scope Scenario Initialization of Sim Initialization of C2 Scenario Snapshot Multi-level with LAND-focus (currently) b. Basic Elements Scenario Description (e.g. ID, options) Environment (e.g. Weather) Symbology and Tactical Graphics LOCATION LOGISTICS (e.g. Equipment/Material) ORGANISATION INSTALLATIONS/FACILITIES OVERLAYS C-BML Content & Structure Requirements* a. Scope Scenario Execution Multi-level, Joint, Multi-national, Multi-Domain (AIR, LAND, MARITIME) b. Basic Elements (e.g. 5Ws, grammar) Events / Actions / Tasks Message Metadata LOCATION LOGISTICS (e.g. Equipment/Material) ORGANISATION INSTALLATIONS/FACILITIES OVERLAYS / INFORMATION GROUPS c. Expressions/Messages Friendly/Enemy Situation Friendly/Enemy COA Status reports Etc… *C-BML also includes an IEM/Services Specification.