Department Head for PBN Tools, Processes, and Criteria Benefits of AAI’s Human-in-the-Loop Capabilities for India’s Aviation Advancement Dr. Thomas Becher Department Head for PBN Tools, Processes, and Criteria The MITRE Corporation October 21, 2014

What is a HITL? Terminal Controllers En Route Controllers HITLs are real-time Air Traffic Control (ATC) simulations that require human interactions to work traffic HITLs readily allow for problem identification not easily done by other means Simulation Pilots

Benefits of HITLs Assess traffic workability issues and other impacts on ATC Test airspace concepts Gain controller acceptance Develop concepts and requirements for new automation Validate operational assumptions regarding how traffic will be worked Assess traffic workability issues and other impacts on ATC workload—gain controller acceptance Evaluate a more complete operational view (e.g., cross facility, account for existing constraints) Identify ATC operational issues with procedures early in the design process Test airspace concepts Identify issues and propose solutions when operators experience operational problems Develop concepts and requirements for new automation Identify potential safety hazards RADIANS Lab at Tech Center in Hyderabad

Description of AAI HITL Simulation Works in a laboratory setting and is also completely portable and distributable Good balance between a flexible portable platform and scenario fidelity TARGETS Portable HITL Being Conducted on Site Installed at RADIANS Tech Center in Hyderabad 4 4

RNAV Design: Arrival Procedures Examined three variations of the proposed RNAV Arrivals Validated operational acceptability Results indicated: There were very few issues between arrivals and departures on the RNAV procedures Distributing traffic using a single stream with an offload appeared to provide the best balance of workload across the terminal and en route facilities. Traffic Conditions Results

Alternate Airspace Designs Optimization Unrestricted Restricted OPT-C1 OUR-C1 RES-C1 Configuration 1 Runway Configuration OPT-C2 OUR-C2 RES-C2 Configuration 2 LAS Arrivals LAS Departures IVP Arrivals IVP Departures

Route Design Changes Extend well beyond terminal airspace 150 nm ZLC Current ZOA Extend well beyond terminal airspace Require complex, multi-sector studies to evaluate ZLA ZDV ZAB 150 nm ZLC Optimization ZOA ZLA ZDV ZAB Arrivals Departures

Importance of HITL Computer Simulation Capability to AAI India is deploying major system improvements to maximize efficiency and capacity Modifications to terminal and en route airspace Increased use of RNAV and RNP capabilities Revised Air Traffic Control procedures Upgrading Air Traffic Management Systems HITL Computer Simulations are needed to: Maximize the benefits Assure success and reduce rework Mitigate risk for costly complex airspace and procedures projects Provide emulation of ATC systems to assess operational viability India is deploying major system improvements to maximize efficiency and capacity Modifications to terminal and en route airspace Increased use of RNAV and RNP capabilities Revised Air Traffic Control procedures Upgrading Air Traffic Management Systems HITL Computer Simulations are needed to: Maximize the benefits Assure success and reduce rework Mitigate risk for costly complex airspace and procedures projects Provide emulation of ATC systems to assess operational viability Development of In-house HITL Capability provides India important capability address current and future procedures and airspace needs

Phased HITL Capability Deployment AAI Has Established Technology And Knowledge Base to Enjoy Full HITL Capabilities Systematically Phase I : Enables Study of PBN Issues Phase II : Incorporates Noise Screening, TAWS/TCAS, and Relative Position Indicator Tool Phase III: Decision Support Tools for PBN/TBO and Traffic Flow Management and FMS Trainer Interface

TARGETS Portable HITL: Phase I Basic Capability Final training completed in India in early 2014 Adapted for Indian data Scenarios based upon AAI defined examples ATC Terminal Displays ATC En Route Displays Simulation Pilot Displays

TARGETS Portable HITL Perspectives ATC Terminal Display ATC En Route Display HITL Master Display

Phase II Capabilities for AAI TAWS/TCAS Screening Noise Screening

Phase II Capabilities for AAI Relative Position Indicator (RPI) for terminal spacing and merging design tool Training Site Adaptation AAI has not adopted yet for ATC automation Actual Aircraft Projected Aircraft Indicator

Phase III Capabilities for AAI Incorporate Higher Fidelity Pseudo Pilot/FMS Interface Third Party Desktop Simulators CAE A320 and CRJ GE PCSim B737 Aerosim B757/767 and A320 Reduces time in expensive and resource constrained simulators Valuable for pilot workload and familiarization

Phase III Capabilities for AAI Provide TARGETS Portable HITL Plugins and fmsOperator fmsOperator to support HITLs Third party Desktop FMS Tools Data collection using fmsOperator and Matlab

Phase III Capabilities for AAI Provide TARGETS Plugins for: Terminal Proximity Alert (TPA), Automated TPA, and basic Time-based metering Required Time of Arrival (RTA) with Desktop FMSs Adapting Third party Desktop FMS Tools to support 4D Intent and Datacom Data collection using fmsOperator and Matlab

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