Benica Jayasekara As th Year

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Presentation transcript:

Benica Jayasekara As 2006043 4th Year CHALLENGES FACED BY FOREST DEPARTMENT IN ESTABLISHING Khaya plantations in sri lanka Benica Jayasekara As 2006043 4th Year

WHAT’S KHAYA ? Khaya senegalensis Family Meliaceae African mahogany Fast growing in dry conditions. 20-30m height Hard, dense, reddish brown timber.

KHAYA IN SRI LANKA 1 of the major timber sp. in reforestation programs in Sri Lanka. Introduced from Africa in 1960’s. Excellent growth rates in intermediate & dry zones. Good timber for furniture.

WHY F.D. USES KHAYA? Reforestation in dry zone. Fast growth rates. Community like Khaya than teak. Khaya tolerates, Poor site quality Heavy weed competition Harsh conditions Diseases Pests (except borer)

WHY COMMUNITY LIKES KHAYA? Excellent timber for furniture. Deep red brown wood. Can be sawn easily. Takes good polish. Weight up to735kg/m3. Bark has a medicinal use. Shady. No elephant damage.

KHAYA PLANTATIONS BY F.D. IN DRY ZONE AS 1st Rotation 2nd Rotation

According to the F. D. Khaya selected as the best tree sp According to the F.D. Khaya selected as the best tree sp. for the dry zone reforestation in Sri Lanka. But there are few challenges.

LESS SEED VIABILITY EXPENSIVE SEEDS FERTILIZATION FIRES CHALLENGES WEEDING RED STEM BORER MULTIPLE SHOOTS BLACK TWIG BORER PORCUPINES

EXPENSIVE SEEDS ? Seeds quickly loose their viability. Unavailability. Import from Senegal. 1 seed = Rs. 20 At the nursery, Seeds mother bed seedling Fresh seed poly bag seedling READY TO PLANT AT SITES saw

MULTIPLE SHOOTS ? At the nursery & plantation at early stages. Remove additional shoots in seedling leaving one vigorous shoot to develop.

AT THE PLANTATION, Sites in dry zone Mechanical land preparation Pit preparation (2.5m * 2.5m spacing) Plant (with north-east monsoons) 1 month Fertilize (until 5 years) 1 year Weeding (until 2 years) Pruning

Fertilization Degraded sites. Essential until 2 years. For best results (5 years) Only if F.D. has money.

WEEDING Reduce competition. Protect from porcupines. Clear 1m radius circle around seedling. Low slashing for other area.

Black twig borer Xylosandrus compactus (6 months –3 years) Red stem borer Zeuzera coffeae Plants of 5 months – 3 years Results Stunted growth Multiple shoots Poor wood quality Poor wood recovery

For borer attacks, 1) Treat with , Carbofuran Endosulfuran 2) Burn affected seedlings. 3) Regular monitoring. 4) Prune extra secondary shoots.

Fires Fire belts . *10m wide gravel roads around the plantation. gravel roads inside the plantation. Immediate actions for fires.

MY RECOMMENDATIONS For best seeds, Select better mother trees. Establish seed orchards. Improve seed production. Further studies on vegetative propagation of Khaya. For borer attack, Regular monitoring. Treat with relevant insecticide. Destroy affected plants.

REFERENCES Mannakkara,A. & Alawathugoda,R.M.D.(2005), Black twig borer damage for forest tree species, The Sri Lanka Forester, Volume 28(new series),65-75. Mannakkara,A. & Alawathugoda,R.M.D.(2005), Seed propagation & vegetative multiplications of Khaya senegalensis, The Sri Lanka Forester, Volume 28(new series),77-84. Mannakkara,A.(2004), Red stem borer attack in forest plantations in Sri Lanka, Forest research newsletter,2. Weerawardane, N.D.R.(2004), Strategies for improvement of reforestation in the dry zone, Forest research newsletter,4. Mannakkara,A.(2004), Black twig borer damage in forest nurseries, Forest research newsletter,6. Mannakkara,A.(2005), vegetative propagation of Khaya senegalensis, , Forest research newsletter,2 Personnel communication Mr. Nishantha Edirisinghe, Assistant conservator of forests, Forest Department, Battaramulla.

THANK YOU