1 © 2012 InfoComm International Essentials of AV Technology Introduction to AV Systems

2 © 2012 InfoComm International Part One Introduction to AV Systems

3 © 2012 InfoComm International AV Systems Essentials You will learn about:  What defines a system  Why systems are important  The purpose of a system  Active and passive systems  Where AV systems can be found  Types of AV systems  How an AV system is created  Ergonomics  Subsystems

4 © 2012 InfoComm International AV System Applications  Defining an AV system  AV systems Usage

5 © 2012 InfoComm International AV Systems Goals  Communicate and share  Meet an objective

6 © 2012 InfoComm International Overview of AV System Creation  Wants and Needs  Design  Install  Support  Allied trades

7 © 2012 InfoComm International Active and Passive Systems  Active Systems - Lighting, audio, projection  Passive systems -Wall coverings, furniture, screens

8 © 2012 InfoComm International AV Subsystems An AV system can include several subsystems  Stand Alone  Support of objective  Multiple subsystems that supports larger system Subsystems are only a small part of a larger complete system.

9 © 2012 InfoComm International AV Systems Summary You have now learned about systems in general. The topics you have covered in this section are:  What defines a system  Examples of where AV systems can be found  Types of AV systems  Why AV systems are important  The purpose of an AV system  The overview for creating an AV system  AV allied trades  Active and passive systems  The definition of a subsystem  Indicators of subsystems

10 © 2012 InfoComm International Part Two Analog and Digital Signals

11 © 2012 InfoComm International Analog and Digital Signals Introduction This section will cover: Analog and Digital Signals Waveforms Digital Signal Processing and Sampling Bit Depth of a Digital Signal Bit Rate

12 © 2012 InfoComm International Analog and Digital Signals  Analog: continuous waveform  always varying states  Digital: "On (1)" and "Off (0)" positions only  2 states

13 © 2012 InfoComm International Waveforms Analog WaveformDigital Waveform

14 © 2012 InfoComm International Digital Signal Processing and Sampling

15 © 2012 InfoComm International Bit Depth of a Digital Signal Bit Depth: The number of states in which to describe the sampled voltage level. 4-bit grayscale: a 4-bit pixel has 16 potential shades DepthMultiplier# of States 1-bit bit bit bit , bit ,777, bit2 32 4,294,967,296

16 © 2012 InfoComm International Bit Rate Bit Rate: Quantity of information over time in a digital signal stream FormatBit Rate Mp Kbit/s AudioCD Kbit/s VideoCD1 Mbit/s DVD5 Mbit/s HDTV20Mbit/s

17 © 2012 InfoComm International Signal Compression  Reduces file size  Codecs

18 © 2012 InfoComm International Digital Formats Containers:  File structure  Defines how data is arranged  MOV, AVI, WMV, MPEG-2 Codecs:  Compression algorithms  Compression/DECompression

19 © 2012 InfoComm International Lossless and Lossy Compression Lossless: Same as original Lossy: Approximation of original data

20 © 2012 InfoComm International Noise and Signal Transmission Analog signal-to-noise ratio affected Digital signals more resistant

21 © 2012 InfoComm International Amplifiers and Signal Transmission  Analog - signal to noise ratio affected  Digital - signals more resistant to noise

22 © 2012 InfoComm International Analog and Digital Signal Considerations Analog Recordings  Duplicating of continuous signals  Short lifetime Digital Recordings  Duplicating list of numbers  Long lifetime  Copies are equal quality

23 © 2012 InfoComm International Analog and Digital Signals Summary Representation of digital data Sampling rate vs. digital signal accuracy Bit depth determines precision Digital video file formats Lossless and lossy compression Analog recordings and the duplication process Digital recording advantages