Lecture 1: Introduction to Software Engineering WXGE6103 Software Engineering Process and Practice Introduction to SE

Sommerville, I Software engineering. Eighth Edition. Addison-Wesley. ( Available in UM Pekan Buku) Carlo Ghezzi, Mehdi Jazayeri, Dino Mandrioli Fundamentals of Software Engineering. Second Edition. Prentice Hall. Pfleeger, S. L Software Engineering: Theory and Practice. Third Edition. Prentice Hall. References

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WXGE6103 SW SE SW PROCESS SW PROCESS MODEL SE COSTS SE METHODS CASE GOOD SW

Software Engineering (SE) Def: An engineering discipline concerned with all aspects of sw production  practicality of developing sw  delivering useful & high quality sw  cost effective The field of Software Engineering (SE) was born to overcome “ software crisis“ (1968)  failures of software projects to meet schedule and budget constraints SE has many sw development approaches

Software (SW) What is SW?  Computer programs + associated documentation and configuration data Characteristics of SW  Abstract & intangible  Not constrained by material  Not governed by physical laws /manufacturing process Software - computer programs - configuration files - system documentation - user documentation - website

Software (SW) Types of Software  Generic product Stand-alone, sold in open market  Customised product Custom-built for particular customer

Software Process A set of activities and associated results that produce a software product Generic activities in all software processes are:  Specification - what the system should do and its development constraints  Development - production of the software system  Validation - checking that the software is what the customer wants  Evolution - changing the software in response to changing demands

Software process model A simplified representation of a software process, presented from a specific perspective:  Workflow model - sequence of activities  Data-flow model - information flow  Role/action model - who does what Generic process models  Waterfall  Iterative Development  Component based Software Engineering

Attributes of good software Maintainability  evolve to meet changing needs Dependability  Software must be trustworthy Efficiency  Software should not make wasteful use of system resources Usability  Software must be usable by the users for which it was designed

Software Engineering Methods Structured approaches to software development which include system models, notations, rules, design advice and process guidance  Model descriptions Descriptions of graphical models which should be produced  Rules Constraints applied to system models (e.g. every entity have a unique name)  Recommendations Advice on good design practice  Process guidance What activities to follow 1970s – Structured Analysis (JSD) 1980s - OO methods (Booch, Rumbaugh) 1990s – Unified approach

CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) Software tools which are intended to provide automated support for software process activities.  Upper-CASE ( Tools to support the early process activities of requirements and design )  Lower-CASE ( Tools to support later activities such as programming, debugging and testing )

SW EngSys EngComp Science Concerned with practicalities of developing and delivering useful sw Concerned with all aspects of computer-based systems development including hw, sw and process eng. SW Eng is subset of sys eng. Concerned with theory and fundamentals

Key Challenges SW ENG Heterogeneity Delivery Trust

Professional Ethics of Software Engineer Confidentiality Should not misrepresent own level of competence Intellectual property rights Computer Misuse