SEA-ME-WE 4 Prepaired By Md. Faisal Copyright © Md. Faisal 2009 All Right Reserved 13/12/2009

Abstract The South East Asia-Middle East-West Europe 4 (SEA-ME-WE 4) project is the fourth project in the SEA-ME-WE series. On 27th March 2004. In this presentation we will focus in basic construction and technological part of SEA-ME-WE-4. How our communication system benefited by using this route. How security section are maintaining in SEA-ME-WE-4. 13/12/2009

Introduction South East Asia–Middle East–Western Europe 4 This is an optical fiber communication system that carries telecommunication between South East Asia– Middle East–Western Europe. Cable System provides interfaces for connection in between terminal stations at several locations. 13/12/2009

Countries Bangladesh India Sudan Pakistan Egypt Sri-Lanka Italy Thailand Malaysia Singapore United Arab Emirates Sudan Egypt Italy Tunisia Algeria France Saudi Arabia 13/12/2009

Connecting Point (SG1)Tuas to Mumbai (SG2) Mumbai to Suez (SG3) Suez to Cairo (SG4) Cairo to Marseille 13/12/2009

INSIDE A SUBMARINE CABLE Construction This system was developed by 16 telecommunication companies. But main construction process was supervised by Alcatel Submarine Networks & Fujitsu. Optical fibers Protective core Aluminum tube Polycarbonate Insulator Stranded Steel The cable is approximately 18,800 KM long and provides the primary Internet backbone between South East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East and Europe. Mylar Stranded Steel Polyethylene INSIDE A SUBMARINE CABLE 13/12/2009

Dispersion, Attenuation, Scattering Procedure . .. … For increased channel capacity in SEA-ME-WE-4 DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) Dispersion, Attenuation, Scattering Band Description WL Range O band Original 1260-1360 nm E band Extended 1360-1460 nm S band Srt Wvlength 1460-1530 nm C band Conventional 1530-1565 nm L band Long WVL 1565-1625 nm U band Ultra Long WL 1625-1675 nm WDM Conventional WDM systems provide up to 16 channels in the 3rd Transmission Window (C band around 1550 nm)of silica optical fibers. Coarse WDM two (or possibly more) signals multiplexed onto a single fiber, where one signal was in the 1550 nm band, and the other in the 1310 nm band. Dense WDM 13/12/2009

DWDM Details A DWDM consists Laser light In DWDM wavelength between C band & L band. This will allow bi-directional communication using single fiber cable. Multiplex different wavelength of laser light A DWDM consists Optical Fiber DWDM Multiplexer Intermediate line repeater Laser light Optical Carrier Amplifier Intermediate optical terminal Two Fiber pairs used where both able to carry 64 carriers at 10Gbit/s DWDM De-Multiplexer Channel capacity 1.28 Tbit/s Optical supervisory channel 13/12/2009

Intelligence gathering Underwater cables, which cannot be kept under constant surveillance, have tempted intelligence-gathering organizations since the late 19th century. Frequently at the beginning of wars nations have cut the cables of the other sides in order to shape the information flows into cables that were being monitored. The most ambitious efforts occurred in World War I, when British and German forces systematically attempted to destroy the others' worldwide communications systems by cutting their cables with surface ships or submarines. During the Cold War the United States Navy and National Security Agency (NSA) succeeded in placing wire taps on Soviet underwater communication lines in Operation Ivy Bells. 13/12/2009

Contd… Operation Ivy Bells A joint USN(United States Navy) + NSA(National Security Agency) mission whose objective was to place wire taps or phone taps on Soviet underwater communication lines during Cold War. World War I British and German forces attempted to destroy other worldwide communication by cutting their cables with surface ships or submarines . 13/12/2009

2008 Submarine Cable Disruption 23th January 2008 FALCON Cable was cut off. The FALCON cable system connects several countries in the Persian Gulf and India Causes Cable damage Anchors Conspiracy 30 January 2008 Internet services were widely disrupted in the Middle East and in the Indian subcontinent due to the damage in SEA-ME-WE-4 and FLAG telecom cable in the Mediterranean sea 13/12/2009

Advantages SEA-ME-WE-4 is used to carry telephone, internet, multimedia, broadband data. SEA-ME-WE 4 has a faster rate of data transmission at 1.28 Tbit/s against SEA-ME-WE 3's 10 Gbit/s SEA-ME-WE 3 provides connectivity to a greater number of countries over a greater distance, but SEA-ME-WE 4 provides far higher data transmission speeds intended to accommodate increasing demand for high-speed internet access in developing countries 13/12/2009

Bibliography Russian telecom newsletter www.seamewe4.com 13/12/2009

faisal11vcv at gmail dot com Thank you All….. If you have any Query or Question or any thing want to say about this topic then don’t hesitated to contact with me. faisal11vcv at gmail dot com http://www.virtualfs.co.nr http://www.faisal11vcv.wordpress.com 13/12/2009