Long-Term Results of Apical Aortic Conduits in Children With Complex Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction John W. Brown, MD, Mark Ruzmetov, MD,

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Long-Term Results of Apical Aortic Conduits in Children With Complex Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction John W. Brown, MD, Mark Ruzmetov, MD, PhD, Andrew C. Fiore, MD, Mark D. Rodefeld, MD, Donald A. Girod, MD, Mark W. Turrentine, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 80, Issue 6, Pages 2301-2308 (December 2005) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.06.009 Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Distribution and disposition of patients with congenital aortic stenosis who underwent various surgical repairs. (AAC = apical aortic conduit; F-U = follow-up; HT = heart transplantation; m/m = myotomy/myectomy; pts = patients.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2301-2308DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.06.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Transthoracic placement of the apical aortic conduit (25 of 28 patients). (A) The aortic anastomosis is performed using a partially occluding clamp and interrupted pledgeted sutures. (B) The apical ventriculotomy is made with a Foley catheter and cork borer. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2301-2308DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.06.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Actuarial patient survival, including operative mortality in patients with apical aortic conduit (AAC) overall (A) and for the three types of valves used (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2301-2308DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.06.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Actuarial freedom from reintervention in patients with apical aortic conduit (AAC) overall (A) and for the three types of valves used (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2005 80, 2301-2308DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.06.009) Copyright © 2005 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions