GLE Journal Questions (TPSS Bellringers/Key concepts) Social Studies 5th grade

1. Identify the characteristics, functions, & applications of the following types of maps: (1) Map projections political maps Physical maps Resource maps Precipitation/climate map Topographical/elevation map Grid system

Map Projections: Attempts to portray the earth on a flat surface. They are easier to use, compact and can view a large scale easily. Physical Map: Identifies physical features such as mountains, useful for finding direct Location. Political Map: shows the names and borders of states, countries, or continents. They also give the names of the major cities.

Topographical Map: Shows height of land in relation to sea level. Useful for architectures to build roads buildings and bridges. Climate/Precipitation Map: Shows climate in regions. Students can decide what type of vegetation will grow in the regions.

Resource Map: shows symbols of resources in certain areas. A person can see what the main economy is for a certain area. Grid System: Shows degrees of latitude and longitude in order to find absolute location. Easy to locate a place by letters and numbers.

2. How did human action impact the physical environment in early America? (14) The forest became smaller or disappeared farming caused erosion and destruction of topsoil by over planting. Continuous use depletes nutrients. Implementation of irrigation through ditches and canals helped restore the soil.

3. Identify the conflict & cooperation between American Indians and European settlers?(36) Conflict: The Europeans brought diseases They enslaved the Indians. They took over Their lands and crops. Cooperation: They brought tools and weapons For the Indians. They brought in animals for Them to use. They traded furs for materials They

4. Describe the origin, characteristics, & major achievements of the ancient American empires and complex societies in the Americas. (41)

5. How did the arrival of Africans in the European colonies influence the importation of slaves in the 18th century?(34) The importation of slaves continued to grow due to the demands placed on the Southern plantation owners. The more slaves a plantation owner had the wealthier he was. With increased production, more slaves were needed in the colonies.

6. Identify the societal impact of the immersion of Africans in the Americas. (35) The Africans were brought to the colonies to work on the plantations. This gave the plantation owners the right to own them. The slaves were given little or no freedoms. As the colonies grew, the population began to grow. The planters wanted the slaves to be counted, but Northerners did not.

7. Identify examples of how Native Americans and Europeans adapted to living in the physical environment of North America.(15) Native Americans: used resources around them to survive. They hunted and farmed. They made homes from mud, adobe, stone, and timber. They made clothing from cotton. They fished and whaled in the northwest. They stored jars of corn in case of a drought. They created irrigation systems.

Europeans: They used timber to make ships. They fished and whaled along the Northeast coast. They used the soil to make crops of wheat, barley, and rye. They used the fresh water from rivers to grow crops. The frontiersmen used all resources from nature to make everything they needed.

8. Identify reasons why Europeans chose to explore and colonize the world.(11) The Spanish wanted to claim new lands, they wanted to spread Christianity, and they wanted to find gold and other wealth. The French wanted to find a Northwest Passage through North America, and wanted to claim new lands.

The English wanted religious freedom. They wanted to have more land. They were also looking to become wealthy.

9. Identify & describe some of the indigenous cultures & groups that existed in the Americas at the beginning of European exploration.(27) 10. Explain how location and physical features influenced the development or life in the United States?(7)

11. Identify major early explorations and explorers 11. Identify major early explorations and explorers. Also identify their reason(s) for exploration.(31) 12. Identify the impact of the Spanish conquests in the Americas on the Aztecs, Incas, & other indigenous peoples. (32)

12. Identify the impact of the Spanish conquests in the Americas on the Aztecs, Incas, & other indigenous peoples. (32) Cortes took control of the Aztecs by letting them believe he was a god they had been waiting for. Pizarro took over the Incas by capturing their leader and tricking him into giving up all of his wealth, then killed him. The Inca people were made slaves.

13. Compare and contrast Africans, Europeans, & Native Americans converging in the Western Hemisphere after 1492. (29) 14. Identify the cultural, ecological, and economic impact of the Columbian Exchange.(32) (Teacher’s Edition “Background” pg 121)

15. How did the arrival of Africans in the European colonies influence the 17th century? (34) 16. Explain the “Triangular Trade” that connected the Americas, Western Europe, and Western Africa prior to 1620. (text pg 202) (28)

17. Identify changes in cultures through cultural diffusion, invention,& innovation. (30) 18. What influence did location & physical setting have on the founding of the original 13 colonies? (6)

19. Identify natural resources used by the people in the United States 20. Identify the role of religious groups in colonial American communities. (37)

21. Identify the geographic differences & similarities among the 13 American colonies that led to cooperation & conflict. (13) 22. How did the trade of goods between the northern states and the southern states lead to economic interdependence among the 13 colonies? (12)

23. Explain the organization and structure of the 13 British colonies that became the United States. (economic, political, & social) (38)

24. Identify some primary and secondary sources that describe key events or issues in early American history. (24)